Electric cable - Revision history

Michel Lamontagne: /* Grounding */

2019-07-24T17:41:46Z

Grounding

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:41, 24 July 2019
Line 24:		Line 24:
	Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Discharge of static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be included in electrical system designs.		Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Discharge of static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be included in electrical system designs.

			== Protection ==
			Electrical wiring is protected from overloading by protection elements such as breakers and fuses. Overheating of electrical wiring can cause fires and explosions. The protection elements are used to interrupt the electrical current before the wiring can overheat.
	[[Category:Distribution]]		[[Category:Distribution]]

Michel Lamontagne at 18:01, 23 July 2019

2019-07-23T18:01:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:01, 23 July 2019
Line 25:		Line 25:


	~~{{stub}}~~
	[[Category:Distribution]]		[[Category:Distribution]]

Michel Lamontagne: /* Conductors */

2019-07-10T20:58:26Z

Conductors

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:58, 10 July 2019
Line 14:		Line 14:
	Conductors are described by the American Wire gage system, from 24 to 0000, and then in the MCM (thouthands of circular mils) system from 250 to 2000. The system has many particular dimensions, such as 477 Aluminium wire, that is 477 MCM and used as its conductivity is equal to the older 300 MCM copper conductors it often replaces.		Conductors are described by the American Wire gage system, from 24 to 0000, and then in the MCM (thouthands of circular mils) system from 250 to 2000. The system has many particular dimensions, such as 477 Aluminium wire, that is 477 MCM and used as its conductivity is equal to the older 300 MCM copper conductors it often replaces.

	Most conductors inside buildings are likely to be sized following existing building codes, with a limitation in voltage drop of about 5%. So for a 480V system, motors will be rated to operate at 460V, and 120V at ~~114V~~.		Most conductors inside buildings are likely to be sized following existing building codes, with a limitation in voltage drop of about 5%. So for a 480V system, motors will be rated to operate at 460V, and 120V at 115V.

	==Insulation==		==Insulation==

Michel Lamontagne: /* Grounding */

2019-07-10T20:57:40Z

Grounding

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:57, 10 July 2019
Line 22:		Line 22:

	==Grounding==		==Grounding==
	Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. ~~Static~~ electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be ~~treated~~ included in electrical system designs.		Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Discharge of static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be included in electrical system designs.


	{{stub}}		{{stub}}
	[[Category:Distribution]]		[[Category:Distribution]]

Michel Lamontagne: /* Conductors */

2019-07-10T20:56:01Z

Conductors

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:56, 10 July 2019
Line 6:		Line 6:

	==Conductors==		==Conductors==
	Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are [[Aluminum\|aluminium]], while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.		Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are [[Aluminum\|aluminium]], while [[copper]] is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature. Although the [[embodied energy]] of aluminium is generally higher than for copper, the density of aluminium is 4 times lower, while the conductivity is about 2/3. So aluminium is less expensive to produce overall when evaluated in the terms of energy carried.

	In a conductor, V=RI where the voltage drop (V) is equal to the electrical resistance (R) the current (I).		In a conductor, V=RI where the voltage drop (V) is equal to the electrical resistance (R) the current (I).

Michel Lamontagne at 20:53, 10 July 2019

2019-07-10T20:53:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:53, 10 July 2019
Line 6:		Line 6:

	==Conductors==		==Conductors==
	Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are aluminium, while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.		Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are [[Aluminum\|aluminium]], while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.

	In a conductor, V=RI where the voltage drop (V) is equal to the electrical resistance (R) the current (I).		In a conductor, V=RI where the voltage drop (V) is equal to the electrical resistance (R) the current (I).
Line 21:		Line 21:
	[[Plastics]], such as [[Polymer\|PVC]] (polyvinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars from non edible biomass, that usually form at least 50% of vegetable production, of from [[hydrocarbons]] manufactured from CO2 and hydrogen using the [[Fischer-Tropsch reaction\|Fischer Tropsch]] reaction.		[[Plastics]], such as [[Polymer\|PVC]] (polyvinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars from non edible biomass, that usually form at least 50% of vegetable production, of from [[hydrocarbons]] manufactured from CO2 and hydrogen using the [[Fischer-Tropsch reaction\|Fischer Tropsch]] reaction.

	== Grounding ==		==Grounding==
	Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be treated included in electrical system designs.		Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be treated included in electrical system designs.

Michel Lamontagne: /* Insulation */

2019-07-10T20:52:38Z

Insulation

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:52, 10 July 2019
Line 13:		Line 13:

	Conductors are described by the American Wire gage system, from 24 to 0000, and then in the MCM (thouthands of circular mils) system from 250 to 2000. The system has many particular dimensions, such as 477 Aluminium wire, that is 477 MCM and used as its conductivity is equal to the older 300 MCM copper conductors it often replaces.		Conductors are described by the American Wire gage system, from 24 to 0000, and then in the MCM (thouthands of circular mils) system from 250 to 2000. The system has many particular dimensions, such as 477 Aluminium wire, that is 477 MCM and used as its conductivity is equal to the older 300 MCM copper conductors it often replaces.

			Most conductors inside buildings are likely to be sized following existing building codes, with a limitation in voltage drop of about 5%. So for a 480V system, motors will be rated to operate at 460V, and 120V at 114V.

	==Insulation==		==Insulation==
	Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎		Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎

	[[Plastics]], such as [[Polymer\|PVC]] (polyvinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars from non edible biomass, that usually form at least 50% of vegetable production, of from [[hydrocarbons]] manufactured from CO2 and hydrogen using the ~~xxx process~~.		[[Plastics]], such as [[Polymer\|PVC]] (polyvinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars from non edible biomass, that usually form at least 50% of vegetable production, of from [[hydrocarbons]] manufactured from CO2 and hydrogen using the [[Fischer-Tropsch reaction\|Fischer Tropsch]] reaction.

	~~==Open Issues==~~

	*What conductive ~~material can~~ be ~~produced~~ in~~-situ with~~ the ~~lowest effort?~~		== Grounding ==
	*Outdoor cables need ~~special protection against [[static electricity]]. Preventive measures, shielding and protective circuits must~~ be ~~defined~~.		Grounding may pose a particular problem as Martian soil, being frozen, may not be very conductive. Extensive grounding may be required to complete electrical circuits and ensure that return voltages are not too high compared to various conductive elements in the settlement. Static electricity buildup in structural elements over poorly conducting ground will need to be treated included in electrical system designs.


	{{stub}}		{{stub}}
	[[Category:Distribution]]		[[Category:Distribution]]

Michel Lamontagne at 20:40, 10 July 2019

2019-07-10T20:40:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:40, 10 July 2019
Line 17:		Line 17:
	Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎		Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎

	[[Polymer\|PVC]] (~~poly vinyl~~ chloride) could be manufactured on Mars		[[Plastics]], such as [[Polymer\|PVC]] (polyvinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars from non edible biomass, that usually form at least 50% of vegetable production, of from [[hydrocarbons]] manufactured from CO2 and hydrogen using the xxx process.

	==Open Issues==		==Open Issues==

Michel Lamontagne at 20:36, 10 July 2019

2019-07-10T20:36:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 10 July 2019
Line 5:		Line 5:
	*The insulation must be [[fire]]-proof if used inside a [[habitat]].		*The insulation must be [[fire]]-proof if used inside a [[habitat]].

	== Conductors ==		==Conductors==
	Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are aluminium, while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.		Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are aluminium, while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.

			In a conductor, V=RI where the voltage drop (V) is equal to the electrical resistance (R) the current (I).

			Power =Voltage * current, or W=V*I, or W=RI<sup>2</sup>, or W=V<sup>2</sup>/R.

			Conductors are described by the American Wire gage system, from 24 to 0000, and then in the MCM (thouthands of circular mils) system from 250 to 2000. The system has many particular dimensions, such as 477 Aluminium wire, that is 477 MCM and used as its conductivity is equal to the older 300 MCM copper conductors it often replaces.

	==Insulation==		==Insulation==
	Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎		Glass fabric made from [[fiberglass]] is an interesting material for cable insulation, for it meets all above-mentioned requirements. See also [[lunarp:In Situ Electrical Insulation]].‎

			[[Polymer\|PVC]] (poly vinyl chloride) could be manufactured on Mars

	==Open Issues==		==Open Issues==

Michel Lamontagne at 20:15, 10 July 2019

2019-07-10T20:15:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 10 July 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Electric cables ''' are used for the transmission of [[electricity\|electrical]] power and ~~information~~. For a [[Mars\|Martian]] [[settlement]] the following requirements apply:		'''Electric cables, '''also called conductors, insulated conductors and wiring, are used for the transmission of [[electricity\|electrical]] power, grounding and communications. For a [[Mars\|Martian]] [[settlement]] the following requirements apply:

	*It ~~must~~ be [[recycling\|recyclable]].		*It should be [[recycling\|recyclable]].
	*It ~~must~~ be made [[in-situ resource utilization\|in-situ]] from [[local resources]].		*It should be made [[in-situ resource utilization\|in-situ]] from [[local resources]].
	*It must be [[fire]]-proof		*The insulation must be [[fire]]-proof if used inside a [[habitat]].

			== Conductors ==
			Most high voltage and high amperage conductors are aluminium, while copper is usually used in domestic distribution and communications. Both metals are recyclable. Conductors are temperature limited, and conductivity decreases with temperature.

	==Insulation==		==Insulation==
Line 9:		Line 12:

	==Open Issues==		==Open Issues==

	*What conductive material can be produced in-situ with the lowest effort?		*What conductive material can be produced in-situ with the lowest effort?
	*Outdoor cables need special protection against [[static electricity]]. Preventive measures, shielding and protective circuits must be defined.		*Outdoor cables need special protection against [[static electricity]]. Preventive measures, shielding and protective circuits must be defined.