Electrolysis - Revision history

Michel Lamontagne: /* Design parameters */

2023-10-11T13:30:56Z

Design parameters

2023-10-11T13:30:30Z

Design parameters

2023-10-11T13:30:05Z

2023-08-22T14:36:25Z

Aluminum electrolysis

2023-08-22T14:33:23Z

Aluminum electrolysis

2023-08-22T14:28:44Z

Efficiency

2023-08-22T14:25:47Z

Efficiency

2023-08-22T14:25:08Z

Water electrolysis

2021-05-12T17:39:34Z

2021-01-19T21:40:49Z

Water electrolysis

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 *Specific Weight 4.25 kg/kg/hr
 *Specific Volume 0.06 m3/kg/hr
-*The reference flow rate is the mass flow rate of water in kg/hr.
+*The reference flow rate is the mass flow rate of input water in kg/hr.
 *These specific weight includes a mass allowance for radiant cooling of the electrolysis cell

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 ===Design parameters===
-Solid polymer electrolyte system have been projected with the following characteristics (ASH et all. 1981):
+Solid polymer electrolyte system for use in space have been projected with the following characteristics (ASH et all. 1981):
 *Conversion efficiencies of approx. 90%, with cell lives approaching 40,000hr. (Heald et al. (1978)0
 *Specific Power 4.47 kW/kg/hr

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 ===Electrolyte===
 An electrolyte is usually required to increase the conductivity of water and increase the reaction rate.  Both acid and basic solutions are possible.  A solid polymer electrolyte can also be used such as Nafion and when applied with a special catalyst on each side of the membrane can efficiently split the water molecule with as little as 1.5 volts. There are also a number of other solid electrolyte systems that have been trialed and developed with a number of electrolysis systems now available commercially that use solid electrolytes<ref>Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis_of_water#Electrolyte_for_water_electrolysis</ref>.
 ===Efficiency===

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 ==Aluminum electrolysis==
-Aluminum electrolysis is presently accomplished using the Hall-Heroux process.  Aluminum producer and Apple computers have announced a new process, ELYSIS, that does not produce CO2 and therefore does not require carbon anodes.<ref>https://www.alcoa.com/sustainability/en/elysis</ref>  The process used proprietary anode materials to create free oxygen from the electrolytic process.
+Aluminum electrolysis is presently accomplished using the Hall-Heroux process.  Aluminum producers Alcoa and Rio Tinto, working with Apple, have announced a new process, ELYSIS, that does not produce CO2 and therefore does not require carbon anodes.<ref>https://www.alcoa.com/sustainability/en/elysis</ref>  The process used proprietary anode materials to create free oxygen a the anode from the electrolytic process.
 Rio Tinto is presently (2023) building a prototype production unit to demonstrate the viability of the technology.
 ==References==

@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 ==Aluminum electrolysis==
-Aluminum electrolysis is presently accomplished using the Hall-Heroux process.  Aluminum producers and Apple computers have announced a new process that does not produce CO2 and therefore does not require carbon anodes.<ref>https://www.alcoa.com/sustainability/en/elysis</ref>
+Aluminum electrolysis is presently accomplished using the Hall-Heroux process.  Aluminum producer and Apple computers have announced a new process, ELYSIS, that does not produce CO2 and therefore does not require carbon anodes.<ref>https://www.alcoa.com/sustainability/en/elysis</ref>  The process used proprietary anode materials to create free oxygen from the electrolytic process.
 ==References==

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 *[[Hydrogen]] and [[Oxygen]]
-There are a number of other industrial processes which are based on the same principles.
+There are a number of other industrial processes which are based on the same principle.
 ==Water electrolysis==
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 Electrolytic cells for hydrogen production have an efficiency of about 70-80%.  They may eventually reach [[w:Electrolysis_of_water#Efficiency|96%]].  Preheating the water increases the efficiency of the electrolysis process.  Combining electrolysis with the high temperature requirements of the [[Sabatier/Water Electrolysis Process|Sabatier]] process (400°C) can improve efficiency.  Using waste process heat might be an interesting alternative.
 ===Electrolyte===

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 Water is available in large quantities on [[Mars]]. Electrolysis can be used to produce oxygen as part of the atmosphere required for an artificial [[habitat]]. The oxygen can also be used in a propulsion system.  The [[hydrogen]] produced can be used for [[hydrocarbon synthesis]], yielding [[synthetic materials]] for [[space suit]]s etc.  However, the main use for the electrolysis of water is likely to be propellant production.
-Electrolytic cells for hydrogen production have an efficiency of about 70-80%.  They may eventually reach [[w:Electrolysis_of_water#Efficiency|96%]].  Preheating the water increases the efficiency of the electrolysis process.  Combining electrolysis with the high temperature requirements of the Sabatier process (400°C) can improve efficiency.  Using waste process heat might be an interesting alternative.
+Electrolytic cells for hydrogen production have an efficiency of about 70-80%.  They may eventually reach [[w:Electrolysis_of_water#Efficiency|96%]].  Preheating the water increases the efficiency of the electrolysis process.  Combining electrolysis with the high temperature requirements of the [[Sabatier/Water Electrolysis Process|Sabatier]] process (400°C) can improve efficiency.  Using waste process heat might be an interesting alternative.
 ===Electrolyte===