Fischer-Tropsch reaction - Revision history

Michel Lamontagne at 13:26, 2 June 2021

2021-06-02T13:26:56Z

Michel Lamontagne at 13:11, 2 June 2021

2021-06-02T13:11:39Z

Michel Lamontagne: /* Fischer Tropsch Process */

2020-11-30T15:49:34Z

Fischer Tropsch Process

Michel Lamontagne at 16:53, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T16:53:42Z

Michel Lamontagne at 16:46, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T16:46:41Z

Michel Lamontagne at 16:25, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T16:25:40Z

Michel Lamontagne at 16:24, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T16:24:55Z

Michel Lamontagne at 23:35, 20 April 2019

2019-04-20T23:35:56Z

Jburk at 07:46, 18 December 2018

2018-12-18T07:46:26Z

Laertes: New page: The '''Fischer-Tropsch reaction''' converts hydrogen and carbon monoxide into various hydrocarbons: :(2n+1)H₂ + nCO → C_{n
2008-11-30T14:56:06Z
New page: The '''Fischer-Tropsch reaction''' converts hydrogen and carbon monoxide into various hydrocarbons: :(2n+1)H2 + nCO → Cn</sub...
New page
The '''Fischer-Tropsch reaction''' converts [[hydrogen]] and [[carbon monoxide]] into various [[hydrocarbons]]:

:(2n+1)[[hydrogen|H2]] + n[[carbon monoxide|CO]] → CnH(2n+2) + n[[water|H2O]]

:'n' is any positive number.

[[catalyst|Catalysts]] for this reaction include [[iron]], [[cobalt]], [[ruthenium]], and [[nickel]].

Hydrogen can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide is available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].

===See Also===

* [[Hydrocarbon synthesis|Hydrocarbon Synthesis]]

[[category:chemistry]]

[[category:ISRU]]

{{stub}}}

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 :(2n+1)[[hydrogen|H<sub>2</sub>]] + n[[carbon monoxide|CO]] → C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>(2n+2)</sub> + n[[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]     where 'n' is any positive number.
 Hydrogen for the process can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide on Mars will be available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].
 __NOTOC__
@@ Line 28: / Line 30: @@
 The process would be a path to the synthesis of complex hydrocarbons on Mars from abundant Water and CO2 resources.  It will be in competition with synthesis from [[biomass]] as this resource builds up from the presence of humans on Mars and [[Food|food production]].  Fischer–Tropsch catalysts are sensitive to poisoning by sulfur-containing compounds. Cobalt-based catalysts are more sensitive than their iron counterparts.  As [[sulfur]] in more common on Mars than on Earth precautions may need to be taken in the preparation of the feedstocks to the reaction.
-Small scale versions adapted to Mars may be similar to packaged products from Ineratec<ref>Website: https://ineratec.de/en/home/</ref>.
+Small scale versions adapted to Mars may be similar to packaged products from Ineratec<ref>Website: https://ineratec.de/en/home/</ref>.  Containerized equipment could be an appropriate format for the equipment.  However, heat transfer and implementation in either pressurized or unpressurized enclosures will change implementation.  Equipment in packaged units are often themselves skid mounted in sub-modules, and the use of the sub modules might be more appropriate than entire containers.
 ==See Also==
@@ Line 37: / Line 39: @@
 [[w:Fischer–Tropsch_process|Wikipedia article]]
 [[Category:In-situ Resource Utilization]]

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Using conventional Fischer-Tropsch technology, the process ranges in carbon efficiency from 25 to 50% and a thermal efficiency of about 50%. For CTL facilities idealized at 60% with GTL facilities at about 60% efficiency is idealized to 80% efficiency (from Wikipedia).
-===Existing examples===
+==Existing examples==
 A large scale implementation of Fischer–Tropsch technology is a series of plants operated by Sasol in South Africa, a country with large coal reserves, but little oil. The first commercial plant opened in 1952. Sasol uses coal and now natural gas as feedstocks and produces a variety of synthetic petroleum products, including most of the country's diesel fuel.  there are multiple other examples.  Historically, the process was used in Germany during the Second World War to produce gasoline from coal.
-===On Mars===
+==On Mars==
 The process would be a path to the synthesis of complex hydrocarbons on Mars from abundant Water and CO2 resources.  It will be in competition with synthesis from [[biomass]] as this resource builds up from the presence of humans on Mars and [[Food|food production]].  Fischer–Tropsch catalysts are sensitive to poisoning by sulfur-containing compounds. Cobalt-based catalysts are more sensitive than their iron counterparts.  As [[sulfur]] in more common on Mars than on Earth precautions may need to be taken in the preparation of the feedstocks to the reaction.
-===See Also===
+Small scale versions adapted to Mars may be similar to packaged products from Ineratec<ref>Website: https://ineratec.de/en/home/</ref>.
 *[[Hydrocarbon synthesis|Hydrocarbon Synthesis]]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ==Fischer Tropsch Process==
-The process is carried out in reactors at various temperatures and pressures depending on the catalysts and the desired products.  Reactor cooling is an important part of the process to obtain the desired products.
+The process is carried out in reactors at various temperatures and pressures depending on the catalysts and the desired products.  Reactor cooling is an important part of the process to obtain the desired reactions.  The end result is a mixture of hydrocarbons, and further processing is required to separate the mixture into individual usable products.
 ===Reactors===
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 ===Process efficiency===
-Using conventional Fischer-Tropsch technology, the process ranges in carbon efficiency from 25 to 50% and a thermal efficiency of about 50%. For CTL facilities idealized at 60% with GTL facilities at about 60% efficiency is idealized to 80% efficiency.
+Using conventional Fischer-Tropsch technology, the process ranges in carbon efficiency from 25 to 50% and a thermal efficiency of about 50%. For CTL facilities idealized at 60% with GTL facilities at about 60% efficiency is idealized to 80% efficiency (from Wikipedia).
 ===Existing examples===
-A large scale implementation of Fischer–Tropsch technology is a series of plants operated by Sasol in South Africa, a country with large coal reserves, but little oil. The first commercial plant opened in 1952. Sasol uses coal and now natural gas as feedstocks and produces a variety of synthetic petroleum products, including most of the country's diesel fuel.  there are multiple other examples.
+A large scale implementation of Fischer–Tropsch technology is a series of plants operated by Sasol in South Africa, a country with large coal reserves, but little oil. The first commercial plant opened in 1952. Sasol uses coal and now natural gas as feedstocks and produces a variety of synthetic petroleum products, including most of the country's diesel fuel.  there are multiple other examples.  Historically, the process was used in Germany during the Second World War to produce gasoline from coal.
 ===On Mars===

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The '''[[w:Fischer–Tropsch_process|Fischer-Tropsch reaction]]''' converts [[hydrogen]] and [[carbon monoxide]] into various [[hydrocarbons]]:
+The '''[[w:Fischer–Tropsch_process|Fischer-Tropsch reaction]]''' converts [[hydrogen]] and [[carbon monoxide]] into various [[hydrocarbons]].  The process is likely to be an essential part of the [[In-situ resource utilization|In Situ resource utilization]] of a Martian settlement.
-:(2n+1)[[hydrogen|H<sub>2</sub>]] + n[[carbon monoxide|CO]] → C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>(2n+2)</sub> + n[[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]     'n' is any positive number.
+:The process follows the bellow equation:
-Hydrogen can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide is available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].
+Hydrogen for the process can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide on Mars will be available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].
 __NOTOC__
-==Process==
+==Fischer Tropsch Process==
 The process is carried out in reactors at various temperatures and pressures depending on the catalysts and the desired products.  Reactor cooling is an important part of the process to obtain the desired products.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 Hydrogen can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide is available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].
   __NOTOC__
-== Process ==
+==Process==
 The process is carried out in reactors at various temperatures and pressures depending on the catalysts and the desired products.  Reactor cooling is an important part of the process to obtain the desired products.
-=== Reactors ===
+===Reactors===
-The processes are highly exothermic and efficient cooling is required. in the reactors.
+The processes are highly exothermic and efficient cooling is required in the reactors.  Multi tubular fixed-bed reactors, Entrained flow reactors, Slurry reactors and fluid-bed and circulating catalyst (riser) reactors are the main types of reactors used.
-=== Catalysts ===
+Processes are generally carried out at 150–300 °C.  Production of paraffin is one of the products of the reaction and care must be taken not to create blockages in the equipment. Higher temperatures have higher production rates but tend to create methane, which is counter productive as methane can be more effectively produced by the [[Sabatier process|Sabatier reaction]].
 [[catalyst|Catalysts]] for this reaction include [[iron]], [[cobalt]], [[ruthenium]], and [[nickel]].
-=== Process efficiency ===
+===Process efficiency===
 Using conventional Fischer-Tropsch technology, the process ranges in carbon efficiency from 25 to 50% and a thermal efficiency of about 50%. For CTL facilities idealized at 60% with GTL facilities at about 60% efficiency is idealized to 80% efficiency.
-=== Existing examples ===
+===Existing examples===
 A large scale implementation of Fischer–Tropsch technology is a series of plants operated by Sasol in South Africa, a country with large coal reserves, but little oil. The first commercial plant opened in 1952. Sasol uses coal and now natural gas as feedstocks and produces a variety of synthetic petroleum products, including most of the country's diesel fuel.  there are multiple other examples.
-=== On Mars ===
+===On Mars===
 The process would be a path to the synthesis of complex hydrocarbons on Mars from abundant Water and CO2 resources.  It will be in competition with synthesis from [[biomass]] as this resource builds up from the presence of humans on Mars and [[Food|food production]].  Fischer–Tropsch catalysts are sensitive to poisoning by sulfur-containing compounds. Cobalt-based catalysts are more sensitive than their iron counterparts.  As [[sulfur]] in more common on Mars than on Earth precautions may need to be taken in the preparation of the feedstocks to the reaction.
@@ Line 28: / Line 31: @@
 *[[Hydrocarbon synthesis|Hydrocarbon Synthesis]]
-{{stub}}
+==References==
 [[w:Fischer–Tropsch_process|Wikipedia article]]
 [[Category:In-situ Resource Utilization]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:25, 27 November 2020
Line 4:		Line 4:

	Hydrogen can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide is available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].		Hydrogen can be obtained from [[water]] through [[electrolysis]]. Carbon monoxide is available through the [[Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction]].
		+	__NOTOC__

	== Process ==		== Process ==

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 ===See Also===
 * [[Hydrocarbon synthesis|Hydrocarbon Synthesis]]
-[[category:chemistry]]
 {{stub}}