Olympus Mons - Revision history

Michel Lamontagne: /* Pictures */

2021-08-21T03:54:06Z

Pictures

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	'''Olympus Mons''' is a dormant [[shield volcano]] in the [[Tharsis]] region of Mars. It is easily the tallest volcano on Mars, and is believed to be the tallest in the [[Solar System]].		'''Olympus Mons''' is a dormant [[shield volcano]] in the [[Tharsis]] region of Mars. It is easily the tallest volcano on Mars, and is believed to be the tallest in the [[Solar System]].

	== Location ==		==Location==

	The volcano is located in Mars's western hemisphere at approximately 18.65 N and 226.2 E, just to the northwestern edge of the [[Tharsis]] Bulge. The western portion of the volcano lies in the Amazonis quadrangle and the central and eastern portions in the Tharsis quadrangle.		The volcano is located in Mars's western hemisphere at approximately 18.65 N and 226.2 E, just to the northwestern edge of the [[Tharsis]] Bulge. The western portion of the volcano lies in the Amazonis quadrangle and the central and eastern portions in the Tharsis quadrangle.

	== Dimensions ==		==Dimensions==

	The top of ''Olympus Mons'' is the highest point on Mars. By one measure, it has a height of nearly 22 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft).<ref name=Plescia04>Plescia \| first1 = J. B. \| year = 2004 \| title = Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes \| url = \| journal = J. Geophys. Res. \| volume = 109 \| issue = \| page = E03003</ref>. Olympus Mons stands about two and a half times as tall as Mount Everest's height above sea level, and is currently the largest volcano discovered in the Solar System.		The top of ''Olympus Mons'' is the highest point on Mars. By one measure, it has a height of nearly 22 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft).<ref name="Plescia04">Plescia \| first1 = J. B. \| year = 2004 \| title = Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes \| url = \| journal = J. Geophys. Res. \| volume = 109 \| issue = \| page = E03003</ref>. Olympus Mons stands about two and a half times as tall as Mount Everest's height above sea level, and is currently the largest volcano discovered in the Solar System.

	[[File: Olympus Mons Side View.svg.png\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Height of Olympus Mons compared tall mountains on Earth]]		[[File: Olympus Mons Side View.svg.png\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Height of Olympus Mons compared tall mountains on Earth]]
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	[[Image:France OlympusMons Size.svg.png\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons compared to the country of France]]		[[Image:France OlympusMons Size.svg.png\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons compared to the country of France]]

	== Age ==		==Age==

	It is the youngest of the large volcanoes on Mars and some of the evidence from the ancient lava flows suggest a range in age from 115 million years old to 2000 million years old. This is relatively recent in comparison to most of Mars' other geology.		It is the youngest of the large volcanoes on Mars and some of the evidence from the ancient lava flows suggest a range in age from 115 million years old to 2000 million years old. This is relatively recent in comparison to most of Mars' other geology.

	== Composition ==		==Composition==

	=== Rock ===		===Rock===

	Much of the terrain is obscured by fine dust covering the underlying bedrock but Olympus Mons probably has the same composition to most of the dark areas on Mars which were formed by volcanic eruptions. The surface of Mars, including Olympus Mons is basalt of a type (tholeiites) similar to that of Earth's oceanic crust. This is the general conclusion drawn from Martian meteorites, analyses of soils and rocks at robotic landing sites, and information gathered with orbiting spacecraft.<ref> McSween Jr., H. Y., Taylor, G. J., and Wyatt, M. B. 2009. Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust. Science, v. 324(5928), p.736-739, doi: 10.1126/science.1165871. </ref> <ref>"Mars Crust : Made of Basalt" http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/May09/Mars.Basaltic.Crust.html</ref>		Much of the terrain is obscured by fine dust covering the underlying bedrock but Olympus Mons probably has the same composition to most of the dark areas on Mars which were formed by volcanic eruptions. The surface of Mars, including Olympus Mons is basalt of a type (tholeiites) similar to that of Earth's oceanic crust. This is the general conclusion drawn from Martian meteorites, analyses of soils and rocks at robotic landing sites, and information gathered with orbiting spacecraft.<ref>McSween Jr., H. Y., Taylor, G. J., and Wyatt, M. B. 2009. Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust. Science, v. 324(5928), p.736-739, doi: 10.1126/science.1165871. </ref> <ref>"Mars Crust : Made of Basalt" http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/May09/Mars.Basaltic.Crust.html</ref>

	Lava flows consisting of this composition would have low viscosity producing a watery flow that creates a typical shield volcanoes. Olympus Mons has a very gradual slope of, on average, only 5°.<ref>Wikipedia Olympus Mons https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref> It would be a long but very gentle climb up Olympus Mons.		Lava flows consisting of this composition would have low viscosity producing a watery flow that creates a typical shield volcanoes. Olympus Mons has a very gradual slope of, on average, only 5°.<ref>Wikipedia Olympus Mons https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref> It would be a long but very gentle climb up Olympus Mons.
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	The typical atmospheric pressure at the top of Olympus Mons is about 12% of the average Martian surface pressure.<ref name="stanford">[http://www-star.stanford.edu/projects/mgs/tps-public.html Public Access to Standard Temperature-Pressure Profiles]</ref>		The typical atmospheric pressure at the top of Olympus Mons is about 12% of the average Martian surface pressure.<ref name="stanford">[http://www-star.stanford.edu/projects/mgs/tps-public.html Public Access to Standard Temperature-Pressure Profiles]</ref>

	=== Ice ===		===Ice===
	As with tall mountains on the Earth, there has been much snowfall on Olympus Mons. Scientists see much evidence for glaciers.<ref name="Basilevsky, A. 2006">{{Cite journal\|author=Basilevsky, A. \|date=2006 \|title=Geological recent tectonic, volcanic and fluvial activity on the eastern flank of the Olympus Mons volcano, Mars \|journal=Geophysical Research Letters \|volume=33 \|issue=13 \|pages=13201, L13201 \|doi=10.1029/2006GL026396 \| \|last2=Werner \|first2=S. C. \|last3=Neukum \|first3=G. \|last4=Head \|first4=J. W. \|last5=Van Gasselt \|first5=S. \|last6=Gwinner \|first6=K. \|last7=Ivanov \|first7=B. A. }}</ref>		As with tall mountains on the Earth, there has been much snowfall on Olympus Mons. Scientists see much evidence for glaciers.<ref name="Basilevsky, A. 2006">{{Cite journal\|author=Basilevsky, A. \|date=2006 \|title=Geological recent tectonic, volcanic and fluvial activity on the eastern flank of the Olympus Mons volcano, Mars \|journal=Geophysical Research Letters \|volume=33 \|issue=13 \|pages=13201, L13201 \|doi=10.1029/2006GL026396 \| \|last2=Werner \|first2=S. C. \|last3=Neukum \|first3=G. \|last4=Head \|first4=J. W. \|last5=Van Gasselt \|first5=S. \|last6=Gwinner \|first6=K. \|last7=Ivanov \|first7=B. A. }}</ref>

	== Exploration ==		==Exploration==

	Olmypus Mons has been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for "Olympic Snow"). Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain.<ref>Patrick Moore. 1977. ''Guide to Mars.'' London (UK). Cutterworth Press, p. 96</ref>		Olmypus Mons has been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for "Olympic Snow"). Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain.<ref>Patrick Moore. 1977. ''Guide to Mars.'' London (UK). Cutterworth Press, p. 96</ref>
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	==Pictures==		==Pictures==

	<gallery class="center" widths="380px" heights="360px">		<gallery class="center" widths="380px" heights="360px">

	File:ESP 056023 1965lavaolympus.jpg\|Lava flows on Olympus Mons.		File:ESP 056023 1965lavaolympus.jpg\|Lava flows on Olympus Mons.
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

	== ~~References~~ ==		== Google Mars views ==
			Views of Olympus Mons from Google Earth: Cliff at the base of the volcano and view of the Caldera.
			[[File:Olympus.jpg\|left\|frameless\|600x600px]]
			[[File:Olympus2.jpg\|frameless\|600x600px]]

	<references/>		==References==

			<references />

			==See Also==

	~~== See Also ==~~
	*[[Geography of Mars]]		*[[Geography of Mars]]

	[[Category:Mars Atlas]]		[[Category:Mars Atlas]]

Suitupandshowup: /* Pictures */

2021-05-15T15:08:03Z

Pictures

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:08, 15 May 2021
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	==Pictures==		==Pictures==
	<~~Gallery~~>
			<gallery class="center" widths="380px" heights="360px">

	File:ESP 056023 1965lavaolympus.jpg\|Lava flows on Olympus Mons.		File:ESP 056023 1965lavaolympus.jpg\|Lava flows on Olympus Mons.

Suitupandshowup: /* Pictures */ added image

2021-05-15T15:06:59Z

Pictures: added image

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	==Pictures==		==Pictures==
	<Gallery>		<Gallery>

			File:ESP 056023 1965lavaolympus.jpg\|Lava flows on Olympus Mons.

	File:68460 1945laveolympus.jpg\|Lava flowing down a slope from [[Olympus Mons]]		File:68460 1945laveolympus.jpg\|Lava flowing down a slope from [[Olympus Mons]]
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	</gallery>		</gallery>



	== References ==		== References ==

Suitupandshowup: /* References */ added images

2021-05-15T15:03:59Z

References: added images

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:03, 15 May 2021
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	Unfortunately Olympus Mons is an unlikely landing location for automated space probes in the near future. The high elevations preclude parachute-assisted landings because the atmosphere above is not sufficient to slow the spacecraft down before landing. Moreover, Olympus Mons stands in one of the dustiest regions of Mars. This would likely make rock samples hard to come by and the dust layer would also likely cause severe maneuvering problems for rovers.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref>		Unfortunately Olympus Mons is an unlikely landing location for automated space probes in the near future. The high elevations preclude parachute-assisted landings because the atmosphere above is not sufficient to slow the spacecraft down before landing. Moreover, Olympus Mons stands in one of the dustiest regions of Mars. This would likely make rock samples hard to come by and the dust layer would also likely cause severe maneuvering problems for rovers.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref>

			==Pictures==
			<Gallery>

			File:68460 1945laveolympus.jpg\|Lava flowing down a slope from [[Olympus Mons]]

			File:68460 1945lavechannel.jpg\|Lava channel from Olympus Mons

			</gallery>



	== References ==		== References ==

Michel Lamontagne at 03:12, 8 January 2020

2020-01-08T03:12:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:12, 8 January 2020
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			{{Mars atlas}}
	[[Image:Olympus_Mons.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons as seen by [[Mars Global Surveyor]]]]		[[Image:Olympus_Mons.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons as seen by [[Mars Global Surveyor]]]]
	'''Olympus Mons''' is a dormant [[shield volcano]] in the [[Tharsis]] region of Mars. It is easily the tallest volcano on Mars, and is believed to be the tallest in the [[Solar System]].		'''Olympus Mons''' is a dormant [[shield volcano]] in the [[Tharsis]] region of Mars. It is easily the tallest volcano on Mars, and is believed to be the tallest in the [[Solar System]].

Suitupandshowup: /* Exploration */

2019-02-08T23:39:44Z

Exploration

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:39, 9 February 2019
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	== Exploration ==		== Exploration ==

	Olmypus Mons has been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for "Olympic Snow"). Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain.<ref>[[Patrick Moore]] 1977, ''Guide to Mars'', London (UK), Cutterworth Press, p. 96</ref>		Olmypus Mons has been known to astronomers since the late 19th century as the albedo feature Nix Olympica (Latin for "Olympic Snow"). Its mountainous nature was suspected well before space probes confirmed its identity as a mountain.<ref>Patrick Moore. 1977. ''Guide to Mars.'' London (UK). Cutterworth Press, p. 96</ref>

	Unfortunately Olympus Mons is an unlikely landing location for automated space probes in the near future. The high elevations preclude parachute-assisted landings because the atmosphere above is not sufficient to slow the spacecraft down before landing. Moreover, Olympus Mons stands in one of the dustiest regions of Mars. This would likely make rock samples hard to come by and the dust layer would also likely cause severe maneuvering problems for rovers.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref>		Unfortunately Olympus Mons is an unlikely landing location for automated space probes in the near future. The high elevations preclude parachute-assisted landings because the atmosphere above is not sufficient to slow the spacecraft down before landing. Moreover, Olympus Mons stands in one of the dustiest regions of Mars. This would likely make rock samples hard to come by and the dust layer would also likely cause severe maneuvering problems for rovers.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref>

Suitupandshowup: /* Dimensions */

2019-02-08T23:38:36Z

Dimensions

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:38, 9 February 2019
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	== Dimensions ==		== Dimensions ==

	The top of ''Olympus Mons'' is the highest point on Mars. By one measure, it has a height of nearly 22 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft).<ref name=Plescia04>~~{{cite journal \| last1 =~~ Plescia \| first1 = J. B. \| year = 2004 \| title = Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes \| url = \| journal = J. Geophys. Res. \| volume = 109 \| issue = \| page = E03003 ~~\| doi = 10.1029/2002JE002031 \| bibcode=2004JGRE..109.3003P}}~~</ref>. Olympus Mons stands about two and a half times as tall as Mount Everest's height above sea level, and is currently the largest volcano discovered in the Solar System.		The top of ''Olympus Mons'' is the highest point on Mars. By one measure, it has a height of nearly 22 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft).<ref name=Plescia04>Plescia \| first1 = J. B. \| year = 2004 \| title = Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes \| url = \| journal = J. Geophys. Res. \| volume = 109 \| issue = \| page = E03003</ref>. Olympus Mons stands about two and a half times as tall as Mount Everest's height above sea level, and is currently the largest volcano discovered in the Solar System.

	[[File: Olympus Mons Side View.svg.png\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Height of Olympus Mons compared tall mountains on Earth]]		[[File: Olympus Mons Side View.svg.png\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Height of Olympus Mons compared tall mountains on Earth]]
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	At 600 km (370 mi) in diameter the footprint of Olympus Mons covers an area of land comparable to the size of France.		At 600 km (370 mi) in diameter the footprint of Olympus Mons covers an area of land comparable to the size of France.

	[[Image:France OlympusMons Size.svg.png\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons compared to the country of France]]		[[Image:France OlympusMons Size.svg.png\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Olympus Mons compared to the country of France]]

	== Age ==		== Age ==

Suitupandshowup: /* Rock */

2019-02-08T23:37:54Z

Rock

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:37, 9 February 2019
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	=== Rock ===		=== Rock ===
	Much of the terrain is obscured by fine dust covering the underlying bedrock but Olympus Mons probably has the same composition to most of the dark areas on Mars which were formed by volcanic eruptions. The surface of Mars, including Olympus Mons is [[basalt]] of a type (tholeiites) similar to that of Earth's oceanic crust. This is the general conclusion drawn from Martian meteorites, analyses of soils and rocks at robotic landing sites, and information gathered with orbiting spacecraft.<ref> McSween Jr., H. Y., Taylor, G. J., and Wyatt, M. B. 2009. Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust. Science, v. 324(5928), p.736-739, doi: 10.1126/science.1165871. </ref> <ref>"Mars Crust : Made of Basalt" http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/May09/Mars.Basaltic.Crust.html</ref>

	Lava flows consisting of this composition would have low [[viscosity]] producing a watery flow that creates a typical shield volcanoes. Olympus Mons has a very gradual slope of, on average, only 5°.<ref>Wikipedia Olympus Mons https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref> It would be a long but very gentle climb up Olympus Mons.		Much of the terrain is obscured by fine dust covering the underlying bedrock but Olympus Mons probably has the same composition to most of the dark areas on Mars which were formed by volcanic eruptions. The surface of Mars, including Olympus Mons is basalt of a type (tholeiites) similar to that of Earth's oceanic crust. This is the general conclusion drawn from Martian meteorites, analyses of soils and rocks at robotic landing sites, and information gathered with orbiting spacecraft.<ref> McSween Jr., H. Y., Taylor, G. J., and Wyatt, M. B. 2009. Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust. Science, v. 324(5928), p.736-739, doi: 10.1126/science.1165871. </ref> <ref>"Mars Crust : Made of Basalt" http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/May09/Mars.Basaltic.Crust.html</ref>

			Lava flows consisting of this composition would have low viscosity producing a watery flow that creates a typical shield volcanoes. Olympus Mons has a very gradual slope of, on average, only 5°.<ref>Wikipedia Olympus Mons https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Mons</ref> It would be a long but very gentle climb up Olympus Mons.

	[[Image: 44828 2030lavaflow.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Lava flows from Olympus Mons, as seen by HiRISE]]		[[Image: 44828 2030lavaflow.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Lava flows from Olympus Mons, as seen by HiRISE]]

	High-altitude clouds frequently drift over the Olympus Mons summit, and airborne Martian dust is still present.<ref>Hartmann, W.K. ''A Traveler’s Guide to Mars: The Mysterious Landscapes of the Red Planet.'' Workman: New York, 2003, p. 300.</ref>		High-altitude clouds frequently drift over the Olympus Mons summit, and airborne Martian dust is still present.<ref>Hartmann, W.K. ''A Traveler’s Guide to Mars: The Mysterious Landscapes of the Red Planet.'' Workman: New York, 2003, p. 300.</ref>
	The typical atmospheric pressure at the top of Olympus Mons is about 12% of the average Martian surface pressure.<ref name="stanford">[http://www-star.stanford.edu/projects/mgs/tps-public.html Public Access to Standard Temperature-Pressure Profiles]</ref>		The typical atmospheric pressure at the top of Olympus Mons is about 12% of the average Martian surface pressure.<ref name="stanford">[http://www-star.stanford.edu/projects/mgs/tps-public.html Public Access to Standard Temperature-Pressure Profiles]</ref>

	=== Ice ===		=== Ice ===

Suitupandshowup: /* Location */

2019-02-08T23:35:47Z

Location

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:35, 9 February 2019
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	== Location ==		== Location ==

	The volcano is located in Mars's western hemisphere at approximately 18.65 N and 226.2 E, just to the northwestern edge of the [[Tharsis ~~Bulge~~]]. The western portion of the volcano lies in the [[Amazonis quadrangle]] and the central and eastern portions in the [[Tharsis quadrangle]].		The volcano is located in Mars's western hemisphere at approximately 18.65 N and 226.2 E, just to the northwestern edge of the [[Tharsis]] Bulge. The western portion of the volcano lies in the Amazonis quadrangle and the central and eastern portions in the Tharsis quadrangle.

	== Dimensions ==		== Dimensions ==

Jburk at 20:38, 18 December 2018

2018-12-18T20:38:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:38, 18 December 2018
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	*[[Geography of Mars]]		*[[Geography of Mars]]

	[[Category:~~Areography]]~~		[[Category:Mars Atlas]]
	~~[[Category:Geography]]~~
	~~[[category:volcano]]~~

	~~[[Category: Place Names~~]]