Perchlorate - Revision history

Michel Lamontagne: /* Perchlorate removal */

2022-09-30T17:18:19Z

Perchlorate removal

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 30 September 2022
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	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from a Martian settlement's water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen. If Mars is terraformed, these bacteria will naturally break up perchlorates as Mars gets wetter.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from a Martian settlement's water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen. If Mars is terraformed, these bacteria will naturally break up perchlorates as Mars gets wetter.
			*Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.
	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		*A new catalyst has been created which will speed perchlorate removal found here... <ref>https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2021/06/new-water-treatment-technology-could-fix-mars-soil-and-earth-soil.html</ref>

	A new catalyst has been created which will speed perchlorate removal found here... <ref>https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2021/06/new-water-treatment-technology-could-fix-mars-soil-and-earth-soil.html</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

Michel Lamontagne: /* Perchlorate removal */

2022-09-30T17:18:01Z

Perchlorate removal

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 30 September 2022
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	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from ~~the~~ settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen. If Mars is terraformed, these bacteria will naturally break up perchlorates as Mars gets wetter.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from a Martian settlement's water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen. If Mars is terraformed, these bacteria will naturally break up perchlorates as Mars gets wetter.

	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.

Michel Lamontagne at 18:15, 17 June 2021

2021-06-17T18:15:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:15, 17 June 2021
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	A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>. On Mars they are part of the soil, mostly in calcium salts.		A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>. On Mars they are part of the soil, mostly in calcium salts.

	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>. [[Calcium]] or [[Magnesium]] with [[oxygen]] and [[chlorine]].

	In large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, the effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.		In large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, the effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.

RichardWSmith: Added another reference.

2021-06-15T18:51:23Z

Added another reference.

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:51, 15 June 2021
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	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen. If Mars is terraformed, these bacteria will naturally break up perchlorates as Mars gets wetter.

	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.

			A new catalyst has been created which will speed perchlorate removal found here... <ref>https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2021/06/new-water-treatment-technology-could-fix-mars-soil-and-earth-soil.html</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

RichardWSmith: Mentioned that there are perchlorate eating bacteria.

2021-04-20T12:37:49Z

Mentioned that there are perchlorate eating bacteria.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:37, 20 April 2021
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	A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>.		A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>. On Mars they are part of the soil, mostly in calcium salts.

	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>
Line 6:		Line 6:

	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>. Some bacteria will consume perchlorates, and as an added bonus, release oxygen.

	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.

Multivac at 12:02, 11 November 2020

2020-11-11T12:02:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:02, 11 November 2020
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	A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion~~, ClO<sub>4</sub>~~<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>.		A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>, ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>.

	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>

Multivac at 12:00, 11 November 2020

2020-11-11T12:00:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:00, 11 November 2020
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	A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ~~ClO−4~~<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>~~. One Chlorine and 4 Oxygen atoms~~.		A '''perchlorate''' is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO<sub>4</sub><ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#On_Mars</ref>.

	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>

Multivac: /* Perchlorate removal */

2020-11-11T11:58:40Z

Perchlorate removal

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:58, 11 November 2020
Line 6:		Line 6:

	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. ~~The most practical is probably the use of~~ reverse osmosis membranes.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. Methods to remove perchlorates from water include [[Potable_water_treatment\|reverse osmosis membranes]], [[Potable_water_treatment#TSSE\|TSSE]], biological remediation<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25479396/</ref> or photochemically via UV light on a metallic iron catalyst<ref>https://books.google.ro/books?id=gjfSBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=perchlorate+neutralization&source=bl&ots=ztEPz18eE-&sig=oHHZzByFHPVjYIVxbvzGl4SC_xQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5gpTJm_XJAhVBURoKHb3LB4o4ChDoAQguMAc#v=onepage&q=perchlorate%20neutralization&f=false</ref>.

	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.

Michel Lamontagne at 14:43, 29 July 2019

2019-07-29T14:43:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:43, 29 July 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>

	~~The main effect of perchlorate is that in~~ large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> ~~Perchlorate affects only thyroid hormone.~~ Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.		In large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, the effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.

	==Perchlorate removal==		==Perchlorate removal==

Michel Lamontagne at 05:38, 29 July 2019

2019-07-29T05:38:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:38, 29 July 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>		Perchlorates in the Martian soil have been identified as a significant hazard to a martian settlement plan. Perchlorate was detected in martian soil at the level of ~0.6% by weight. It is conjectured to exist as a mixture of 60% Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and 40% Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><ref>https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html</ref>

	The main effect of perchlorate is that in large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> Perchlorate affects only thyroid hormone. Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.		The main effect of perchlorate is that in large amounts perchlorate interferes with iodine uptake into the thyroid gland.<ref name=":0" /> Perchlorate affects only thyroid hormone. Because it is neither stored nor metabolized, effects of perchlorate on the thyroid gland are reversible, though effects on brain development from lack of thyroid hormone in fetuses, newborns, and children are not. Perchlorate dust affects lung tissue.

	== Perchlorate removal ==		==Perchlorate removal==
	Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. The most practical is probably the use of reverse osmosis membranes.		Perchlorates are readily soluble in water and can be removed from surfaces by rinsing with water. Removing perchlorate from the settlement water supply can be done in a number of ways. The most practical is probably the use of reverse osmosis membranes.

	Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[~~Space suit~~\|suitports]] to enter ~~spacesuits~~ would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.		Reducing dust intake into the settlement is a good objective. Washing vehicles, spacesuits and tool with water would reduce the intake at the source. Using [[EVA Suit\|suitports]] to enter [[EVA Suit\|EVA suits]] would also reduce perchlorate ingress into the settlement.

	== References ==		==References==
	<references />		<references />