Sapping - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:44, 16 August 2021
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	[[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]		[[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]
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		+	[[File:Nirgal Vallis Close-up.JPG\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Probable valleys made by sapping Close-up of Nirgal Vallis, as seen by themis. Location is 27.6 S and 315.2 E. Image is 18.3 km wide.]]

	Many channels have been seen on Mars that look like ones created by groundwater sapping here on Earth.<ref>Gulick, V. 2001. Origin of the Valley Networks on Mars: a Hydrological Perspective. Geomorphology. volume = 37. issue = 3–4. 41–268</ref> <ref>Sharp, R. P., & Malin, M. C. 1975. Channels on Mars. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 86(5). 593–609.</ref>		Many channels have been seen on Mars that look like ones created by groundwater sapping here on Earth.<ref>Gulick, V. 2001. Origin of the Valley Networks on Mars: a Hydrological Perspective. Geomorphology. volume = 37. issue = 3–4. 41–268</ref> <ref>Sharp, R. P., & Malin, M. C. 1975. Channels on Mars. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 86(5). 593–609.</ref>

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	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVuXQTnEd3Y Ground water erosion]		* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVuXQTnEd3Y Ground water erosion]
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		+	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVM2w6jeI-g Groundwater seepage landscapes from local or distal sources in experiments and on Mars]

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 [[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]
-Many channels have been seen on Mars that look like ones created by groundwater sapping here on Earth.<ref>Gulick, V.  2001.  Origin of the Valley Networks on Mars: a Hydrological Perspective.   Geomorphology.  volume = 37.  issue = 3–4.  41–268</ref>
+Many channels have been seen on Mars that look like ones created by groundwater sapping here on Earth.<ref>Gulick, V.  2001.  Origin of the Valley Networks on Mars: a Hydrological Perspective.   Geomorphology.  volume = 37.  issue = 3–4.  41–268</ref> <ref>Sharp, R. P., & Malin, M. C. 1975.  Channels on Mars. Geological Society of America Bulletin.  86(5).  593–609.</ref>
 ==See also==

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:03, 13 August 2021
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	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHMhX1u-_Dk) – What is GROUNDWATER SAPPING? What does GROUNDWATER SAPPING mean? GROUNDWATER SAPPING meaning]		* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHMhX1u-_Dk) – What is GROUNDWATER SAPPING? What does GROUNDWATER SAPPING mean? GROUNDWATER SAPPING meaning]
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		+	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVuXQTnEd3Y Ground water erosion]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:01, 13 August 2021
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	== External links ==		== External links ==

−	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=~~Jr1Xu2i~~-~~Uc0 Video (04:32~~) – ~~Evidence: Water "Vigorously" Flowed On Mars – September, 2012~~]	+	* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHMhX1u-_Dk) – What is GROUNDWATER SAPPING? What does GROUNDWATER SAPPING mean? GROUNDWATER SAPPING meaning]

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:58, 13 August 2021
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−	Sapping is a type of erosion where the ground seems to have collapsed into wide valleys. Steep-sided U-shaped valleys of fairly uniform width with box-like, "theater-shaped" headwalls are characteristic of sapping. <ref>Kocher, R. and J. Piper. 1986. Morphology of Large Valleys on Hawaii: Evidence for Groundwater Sapping and Comparisons with Martian Valleys. Journal of Geophysical Research. volume = 91. Issue = B13\|pages = 175–192.</ref> Sapping is caused by water in the ground moving laterally until it eventually seeps out and creates its ampitheater-like shape. <ref ~~Rosenberry~~ , D. ~~Ground-water Sapping~~ and ~~the Generation of Natural Ampitheaters~~. ~~University of Colorado websit~~ </ref>	+	Sapping is a type of erosion where the ground seems to have collapsed into wide valleys. Steep-sided U-shaped valleys of fairly uniform width with box-like, "theater-shaped" headwalls are characteristic of sapping. <ref>Kocher, R. and J. Piper. 1986. Morphology of Large Valleys on Hawaii: Evidence for Groundwater Sapping and Comparisons with Martian Valleys. Journal of Geophysical Research. volume = 91. Issue = B13\|pages = 175–192.</ref> Sapping is caused by water in the ground moving laterally until it eventually seeps out and creates its ampitheater-like shape.
		+	Valleys made by sapping occur throughout the world including in England, Colorado, Hawai’i, New Zealand, and other places. <ref>Nash, D. 1996. GROUNDWATER SAPPING AND VALLEY DEVELOPMENT IN THE HACKNESS HILLS, NORTH YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND. Earth Surface Processes and LandformsVolume 21, Issue 9 p. 781-795</ref>

−	~~Valleys made by sapping occur throughout the world including in England, Colorado, Hawai’i, New Zealand, and other places.~~

	[[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]		[[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]

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 Sapping is a type of erosion where the ground seems to have collapsed into wide valleys.  Steep-sided U-shaped valleys of fairly uniform width with box-like, "theater-shaped" headwalls are characteristic of sapping. <ref>Kocher, R. and J. Piper.  1986.   Morphology of Large Valleys on Hawaii: Evidence for Groundwater Sapping and Comparisons with Martian Valleys.   Journal of Geophysical Research.  volume = 91.  Issue = B13|pages = 175–192.</ref>  Sapping is caused by water in the ground moving laterally until it eventually seeps out and creates its ampitheater-like shape. <ref Rosenberry , D.   Ground-water Sapping and the Generation of Natural Ampitheaters.  University of Colorado websit </ref>
-Valleys made by sapping occur throughout the world including in  England, Colorado, Hawai’i, New Zealand, and other places. <ref>Nash, D.  1996.  GROUNDWATER SAPPING AND VALLEY DEVELOPMENT IN THE HACKNESS HILLS, NORTH YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND.  Earth Surface Processes and LandformsVolume 21, Issue 9 p. 781-795</ref>
+Valleys made by sapping occur throughout the world including in  England, Colorado, Hawai’i, New Zealand, and other places.
 [[File:Canyonlands NP18.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The two canyons at center-left in this photo from Canyonlands National Park in Utah have the ''theater-shaped'' heads typical of valley features shaped by groundwater sapping.]]