Solar Cosmic Rays - Revision history

RichardWSmith: /* Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms */ Improved grammar.

2024-10-11T06:27:36Z

Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms: Improved grammar.

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:27, 11 October 2024
Line 2:		Line 2:

	==Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms==		==Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms==
	Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) are usually small and common. They can happen about once a week when the sun is least active, to a couple times a day when the sun is at the peak of its sunspot cycle. ~~However, not~~ all CME are aimed at Earth or Mars. If the explosion is on the far side of the sun facing way from us, it will have no effect on colonists. <ref>https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/SCIENCE/cme.html#:~:text=CMEs%20often%20occur%20along%20with,to%20three%20CMEs%20per%20day.</ref>		Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) are usually small and common. They can happen about once a week when the sun is least active, to a couple times a day when the sun is at the peak of its sunspot cycle. Not all CME are aimed at Earth or Mars. If the explosion is on the far side of the sun facing way from us, it will have no effect on colonists. <ref>https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/SCIENCE/cme.html#:~:text=CMEs%20often%20occur%20along%20with,to%20three%20CMEs%20per%20day.</ref>

	The energy of solar cosmic rays varies widely, the lowest energy ones are from 10,000 electron volts to a couple hundred mega electron volts (~200,000,000). However, in the most powerful CME, about 1% of the time particles in the giga-electron volt range are detected.		The energy of solar cosmic rays varies widely, the lowest energy ones are from 10,000 electron volts to a couple hundred mega electron volts (~200,000,000). However, in the most powerful CME, about 1% of the time particles in the giga-electron volt range are detected.

RichardWSmith: /* Mitigation Strategies */ Added link to storm shelters

2024-09-17T20:34:36Z

Mitigation Strategies: Added link to storm shelters

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:34, 17 September 2024
Line 13:		Line 13:
	We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have time to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.		We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have time to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.

	Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say 2 meters of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a ~~storm~~ shelter, which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.		Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say 2 meters of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a [[Storm shelter]], which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.

	Note that if a CME happens at night, the colonists will be protected from the sun by the mass of the planet under them.		Note that if a CME happens at night, the colonists will be protected from the sun by the mass of the planet under them.

RichardWSmith: Fixed link

2024-09-17T20:32:43Z

Fixed link

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:32, 17 September 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Solar Cosmic Rays (Solar CR) are high energy particles released by massive explosions on the sun called [Coronal Mass Ejections] (CME).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection</ref> They are not the normal solar wind which is easy to shield against, but much higher energy particles with far more penetrating power.		Solar Cosmic Rays (Solar CR) are high energy particles released by massive explosions on the sun called [[Coronal Mass Ejections]] (CME).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection</ref> They are not the normal solar wind which is easy to shield against, but much higher energy particles with far more penetrating power.

	==Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms==		==Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms==

RichardWSmith: /* Mitigation Strategies */ suggest 2 m of soil is normal radiation protection.

2024-09-12T21:39:36Z

Mitigation Strategies: suggest 2 m of soil is normal radiation protection.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:39, 12 September 2024
Line 13:		Line 13:
	We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have time to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.		We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have time to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.

	Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say ~~a meter~~ of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a storm shelter, which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.		Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say 2 meters of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a storm shelter, which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.

	Note that if a CME happens at night, the colonists will be protected from the sun by the mass of the planet under them.		Note that if a CME happens at night, the colonists will be protected from the sun by the mass of the planet under them.

RichardWSmith: Added Link.

2024-04-21T03:08:28Z

Added Link.

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:08, 21 April 2024
Line 27:		Line 27:

	==See Also==		==See Also==
			[[Cosmic Radiation]]

	[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]		[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]

RichardWSmith: /* Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms */ fixed typo.

2024-03-04T23:05:24Z

Frequency and Energies of Solar Storms: fixed typo.

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:05, 5 March 2024
Line 4:		Line 4:
	Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) are usually small and common. They can happen about once a week when the sun is least active, to a couple times a day when the sun is at the peak of its sunspot cycle. However, not all CME are aimed at Earth or Mars. If the explosion is on the far side of the sun facing way from us, it will have no effect on colonists. <ref>https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/SCIENCE/cme.html#:~:text=CMEs%20often%20occur%20along%20with,to%20three%20CMEs%20per%20day.</ref>		Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) are usually small and common. They can happen about once a week when the sun is least active, to a couple times a day when the sun is at the peak of its sunspot cycle. However, not all CME are aimed at Earth or Mars. If the explosion is on the far side of the sun facing way from us, it will have no effect on colonists. <ref>https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/SCIENCE/cme.html#:~:text=CMEs%20often%20occur%20along%20with,to%20three%20CMEs%20per%20day.</ref>

	The energy of solar cosmic rays varies widely, the lowest energy ones are from 10,000 electron volts to a couple hundred mega electron volts (~200,000). However, in the most powerful CME, about 1% of the time particles in the giga-electron volt range are detected.		The energy of solar cosmic rays varies widely, the lowest energy ones are from 10,000 electron volts to a couple hundred mega electron volts (~200,000,000). However, in the most powerful CME, about 1% of the time particles in the giga-electron volt range are detected.

	This is a huge range, the weakest particles are 100 million times less energetic than the most powerful ones. (Fortunately the very powerful ones are quite rare.)		This is a huge range, the weakest particles are 100 million times less energetic than the most powerful ones. (Fortunately the very powerful ones are quite rare.)

RichardWSmith: /* Mitigation Strategies */ fixed grammar

2024-03-03T01:50:19Z

Mitigation Strategies: fixed grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:50, 3 March 2024
Line 11:		Line 11:

	==Mitigation Strategies==		==Mitigation Strategies==
	We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have ~~warning~~ to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.		We can optically detect the solar flares associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME), and can have several days of warning (for lower energy ones) to only hours of warning for the most powerful ones. Thus colonists on Mars' surface are likely to have time to get into radiation shelters, if a CME is detected.

	Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say a meter of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a storm shelter, which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.		Habitats on Mars will likely have normal radiation protection (say a meter of water or dirt above living quarters). But it would be wise to have a smaller volume with very high radiation protection as a storm shelter, which people can go into for the couple hour solar storm. People might crowd together and watch a movie or two during the solar storm.

RichardWSmith: /* See Also */ fixed link

2024-03-02T23:54:52Z

RichardWSmith: /* See Also */

2024-03-02T23:53:52Z

RichardWSmith: /* See Also */

2024-03-02T23:53:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:54, 3 March 2024
Line 29:		Line 29:
	[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]		[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]

	[[~~Intergalactic~~ Cosmic Rays]]		[[Extra Galactic Cosmic Rays]]

	==References:==		==References:==

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:53, 3 March 2024
Line 28:		Line 28:
	==See Also==		==See Also==
	[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]		[[Galactic Cosmic Rays]]

	[[Intergalactic Cosmic Rays]]		[[Intergalactic Cosmic Rays]]

	==References:==		==References:==