Synthetic materials - Revision history

RichardWSmith: /* Polypropylene (Pp) */

2021-03-03T05:31:28Z

Polypropylene (Pp)

Michel Lamontagne at 19:45, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T19:45:13Z

Michel Lamontagne at 19:44, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T19:44:33Z

Michel Lamontagne: /* Polypropylene (Pp) */

2020-11-27T17:10:22Z

Polypropylene (Pp)

Michel Lamontagne: /* Polypropylene (Pp) */

2020-11-27T17:08:45Z

Polypropylene (Pp)

Michel Lamontagne: /* PE- Polyethylene */

2020-11-06T19:51:07Z

PE- Polyethylene

Michel Lamontagne: /* Production */

2020-11-06T19:41:22Z

Production

Michel Lamontagne: /* PE- Polyethylene */

2019-07-23T17:50:53Z

PE- Polyethylene

Michel Lamontagne: /* Production */

2019-07-23T17:41:20Z

Production

Michel Lamontagne at 23:40, 20 April 2019

2019-04-20T23:40:30Z

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 ===Polypropylene (Pp)===
-[[Polypropylene]] is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene). In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion.  Polypropylene is composed of a chain of propylene (propene) molecules.
+[[Polypropylene]] is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene). In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion.  Polypropylene is composed of a chain of propylene (propene) molecules (C3H8).
 ====Production====

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 A Martian colony needs '''Synthetic Materials''' (plastics) for many purposes. An [[Equipment for autonomous growth|autonomous colony]] can only survive if the raw substances available on [[Mars]] via [[In-situ resource utilization|In Situ resource utilization]]. While it is very unlikely to find natural petroleum, one idea is the [[Hydrocarbon synthesis|synthesis of organic material]] from [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]].  Another possibility would be the discovery of [[Methane clathrates]] in the martian surface ice. Another is the [[Silicone synthesis|synthesis of silicon based organic material]].
+__NOTOC__
 The production of plastics requires more energy than most types of mining and separation, as demonstrated by the [[embodied energy]] concept. However, it may be achievable in useful quantities from the non edible biomass created by food production. The needed substances are in the Martian [[atmosphere]]: [[Carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. So, with some additional energy it should be possible to make plastics from thin air.  Basically, this is what plants do as well.

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:44, 27 November 2020
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−	A Martian colony needs '''Synthetic Materials''' (plastics) for many purposes. An [[Equipment for autonomous growth\|autonomous colony]] can only survive if the raw substances available on [[Mars]]. While it is very unlikely to find natural petroleum, one idea is the [[Hydrocarbon synthesis\|synthesis of organic material]] from [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. Another possibility would be the discovery of [[Methane clathrates]] in the martian surface ice. Another is the [[Silicone synthesis\|synthesis of silicon based organic material]].	+	A Martian colony needs '''Synthetic Materials''' (plastics) for many purposes. An [[Equipment for autonomous growth\|autonomous colony]] can only survive if the raw substances available on [[Mars]] via [[In-situ resource utilization\|In Situ resource utilization]]. While it is very unlikely to find natural petroleum, one idea is the [[Hydrocarbon synthesis\|synthesis of organic material]] from [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. Another possibility would be the discovery of [[Methane clathrates]] in the martian surface ice. Another is the [[Silicone synthesis\|synthesis of silicon based organic material]].

	The production of plastics requires more energy than most types of mining and separation, as demonstrated by the [[embodied energy]] concept. However, it may be achievable in useful quantities from the non edible biomass created by food production. The needed substances are in the Martian [[atmosphere]]: [[Carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. So, with some additional energy it should be possible to make plastics from thin air. Basically, this is what plants do as well.		The production of plastics requires more energy than most types of mining and separation, as demonstrated by the [[embodied energy]] concept. However, it may be achievable in useful quantities from the non edible biomass created by food production. The needed substances are in the Martian [[atmosphere]]: [[Carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. So, with some additional energy it should be possible to make plastics from thin air. Basically, this is what plants do as well.

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 ===Polypropylene (Pp)===
-[[Polypropylene]] is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene). In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion.
+[[Polypropylene]] is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene). In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion.  Polypropylene is composed of a chain of propylene (propene) molecules.
 ====Production====

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 ===Polypropylene (Pp)===
 ====Production====
 ====Products====
 ===Polyester (Pe)===

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ==Useful molecules==
-===PE- Polyethylene===
+===Polyethylene (Pe)===
 [[Polyethylene]] is the most common plastic material. It has a simple formulae of (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)<sub>''n''</sub>  and consists basically of a chain of ethylene molecules.
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 Polyethylene sheets on Mars might be use for greenhouses, vapor barriers in construction, sealants for structural assemblies and piping.  Polyethylene has a very low glass transition temperature<ref>https://omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-properties/properties/glass-transition-temperature</ref> and might be used as a flexible sealant materials at lower temperatures than other plastics.
-===Pp- Polypropylene===
+===Polypropylene (Pp)===
 ====Production====
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 ====Products====
-===Pe- Polyester===
+===Polyester (Pe)===
 ====Production process====
@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 Polyester is often used in fiber form for the manufacture of fabrics.  It is also used for bottles, fils and electrical insulation.  Polyester reinforced with glass fibers is one of the common types of fiberglass material.  It is used as a protective coating for wood.
-===PVC- Polyvinyl Chloride===
+===Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)===
 ====Production process====
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 PolyVinyl Chloride is commonly used for piping.
-===PTFE- Polytetrafluoroethylene'''-'''Teflon===
+===Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE-Teflon)===
 ====Production process====
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 PTFE is used as a non-stick coating for pans and other cookware. It is nonreactive, partly because of the strength of carbon–fluorine bonds, and so it is often used in containers and pipework for reactive and corrosive chemicals. Where used as a lubricant, PTFE reduces friction, wear, and energy consumption of machinery. It is commonly used as a graft material in surgical interventions. It is also frequently employed as coating on catheters; this interferes with the ability of bacteria and other infectious agents to adhere to catheters and cause hospital-acquired infections.
-===Pa-Polyamide-Nylon===
+===Polyamide (Pa-Nylon)===
 ====Production process====
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 ====Production process====
-====Producs====
+====Products====
 ===Oils and greases===

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 ====Production====
-[[w:Polyester|Polyester]]<nowiki/>r is a synthetic polymer made of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or its dimethyl ester dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and monoethylene glycol (MEG). With 18% market share of all plastic materials produced, it ranges third after polyethylene (33.5%)<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> and polypropylene (19.5%).
+[[w:Polyester|Polyester]] is a synthetic polymer made of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or its dimethyl ester dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and monoethylene glycol (MEG). With 18% market share of all plastic materials produced, it ranges third after polyethylene (33.5%)<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> and polypropylene (19.5%).
 ====Products====

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ====Production====
-Polyethylene is produced from Ethylene or Ethanol.
+Polyethylene is produced from [[Ethylene]] or Ethanol.
 ====Products====