Marspedia - User contributions [en]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2019-10-03T09:41:07Z

PPark: /* Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance */

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

==Independent settlements: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance==

===Motivation===
f.e for underground basing IPS

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens of thousands) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which have an insignificant probability of detection. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' (IPS) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet.

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

#Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [2].
#Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
#Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
#Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
#Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
#Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
#Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

#'''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
#'''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
#'''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
#'''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
#'''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
#'''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
#'''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [https://drive.google.com/open?id=15_OtAG9g3E5EZcHVSkA24P76LPFVFbKK InJam-Lens Project] by April 2, 2019 InoCont (C)

[[Category:Settlement Plans]]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2019-09-18T17:12:56Z

PPark: добавление ссылки на проект ИнДжем-Линза (на конкурс Mars Society, March 2019)

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

==Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens of thousands) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which have an insignificant probability of detection. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' (IPS) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet.

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

#Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [2].
#Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
#Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
#Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
#Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
#Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
#Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

#'''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
#'''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
#'''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
#'''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
#'''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
#'''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
#'''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [https://drive.google.com/open?id=15_OtAG9g3E5EZcHVSkA24P76LPFVFbKK InJam-Lens Project] by April 2, 2019 InoCont (C)

[[Category:Settlement Plans]]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2019-09-18T17:09:57Z

PPark: Reference added

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens of thousands) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which have an insignificant probability of detection. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' (IPS) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet.

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

# Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [2].
# Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
# Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
# Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
# Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
# Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
# Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

# '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
# '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
# '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
# '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
# '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
# '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
# '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168
2) [https://drive.google.com/open?id=15_OtAG9g3E5EZcHVSkA24P76LPFVFbKK InJam-Lens Project] by April 2, 2019 InoCont (C)

[[Category:Settlement Plans]]

Mission concepts

2013-01-18T07:39:53Z

PPark: /* See also */

This article collects different '''mission concepts''' for a [[manned mission]] to [[Mars]]. The purpose is to compare the concepts and point out the differences. The financial aspect is in focus.

== [[Direct cargo mission]] ==
A direct cargo mission will be vital in the [[Unmanned setup of a whole settlement]] of a colony, in resupplying an [[Earth-supported colony]], and delivering repair parts to a [[semi-autonomous colony]].

===Financial expenditure===

== [[Colonization mission]] ==
A type of [[manned one-way mission|one-way mission for colonization]], utilizing a man-rated version of the direct cargo mission.

===Financial expenditure===

== [[Manned resupply mission]] ==
A two-way manned mission to resupply a [[semi-autonomous colony]] or a manned outpost.

===Financial expenditure===

== [[Phobos boost mission]]-article in development ==
An unmanned mission to the moon Phobos, using a VASIMR drive to slowly spiral it out into a higher orbit.

===Financial expenditure===

== [[Mars Direct]] ==
A plan by [[Robert Zubrin]], the head of the Mars society, to send people to Mars and back.

===Financial expenditure===

===Mars for less===
Basically Mars Direct, but with the parts broken up so that they can be launched on Medium Lift Launch Vehicles (MLLVs), such as the Ariane V, Delta IV and Proton.

===Financial expenditure===

== Aldrin cycler ==
Mission architecture by second person to walk on the moon, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, to have a habitat, a cycler, in a continuous orbit between Mars and Earth.<ref>[http://buzzaldrin.com/space-vision/rocket_science/aldrin-mars-cycler/ Buzz Aldrin ''Aldrin Mars Cycler'']</ref>

===Financial expenditure===

== References ==
<references/>

== External links ==

== See also ==
* [[ Another Contin(g)ent Concept]]

[[Category:Manned Missions]]
[[Category:Concepts]]

User talk:Farred

2012-05-27T10:12:00Z

PPark: /* InoCont */

Welcome to the flip side. :D - [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 22:46, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
:Happy to be here. Thanks. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 16:55, 22 October 2008 (UTC)
::I want to get a link to Mike Combs' space settlement FAQ to work, so I will try it here.
::Well, I tried it. It did not work. I removed it. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 04:56, 7 June 2010 (UTC)
How about that one: [http://space.mike-combs.com/spacsetl.htm#moon_mining Space settlement - What is there to mine on the moon?]? -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 19:29, 8 June 2010 (UTC)
:I tried the new link put in by Spriditis. It works fine. It seems to me that links have a tendency to go bad with time. I think the link that I put in worked when I wrote it. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 00:20, 9 June 2010 (UTC)
::I used wiki tags [http://url_path url_title] - <nowiki>[http://url_path url_title]</nowiki>, You used just url.. maybe that was the case. -- [[User:Spriditis|Spriditis]] 15:01, 11 June 2010 (UTC)
:::Thanks --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 18:48, 11 June 2010 (UTC)

== SPAM ==
Hi! I help [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] on Lunarpedia, and we've developed some tools and methods to help us deal with spam.

One thing that we do is set the "reason" for deleting a spam page to just "spam." If the original text of the spam remains in any form, it's possible that the spammer will get paid for it and come back and bring his spammer buds along.

I believe Strangelv has installed his WHUMP tool here, which will auto-delete spam on new pages and block the creator. We'll be tweaking the lists of words, since WHUMP was originally created for lpedia, a political wiki, but I'm sure it will help us keep the spam under control here. Please do tell us common "spam indicator" words that you see in the spam you delete.

[[User:Miros1|Miros1]] 16:49, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:I am happy to see anyone fight the spammers. When I delete a spam page there is automatically a string of text that shows up in the recent changes as the first few bytes of text as part of the reason for deleting the page. This string is only in recent changes and is only available as long as the recent changes is available. Do you want me to erase this string too? I do not delete according to a particular set of words. I check if the posting has a link advertising something that is not Mars or if the text advertises something that is not Mars. In a few of the cases a connection to Mars could have been made if the user had any interest in Mars, but since the user is just a computer program, there is no effort to refer to colonizing Mars. The post is spam and it's history. If I do notice good spam indicator words, I'll let you know. Thanks for being part of the good effort. - [[User:Farred|Farred]] 20:53, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

::I wonder how many legitimate articles are uncategorized -- on LPedia (not connected to Marspedia, Lunarpedia et al. -- it's a political party wiki) that's been the most reliable source for identifying garbage articles as Brian Holtz categorized the last remaining uncategorized pages in the main namespace. Let me wake up enough to start collecting lists of articles to delete and feed into WHUMP. Ideally I'd like to delete the party that posted them originally, but I may chicken out and just have it delete the articles. As WHUMP is flagged as a bot, its activities are hidden by default. Click on 'Show Bots' on Recent Changes to see if it's done anything recently. -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 22:14, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Done; just a blanket delete with no effort to hunt down and ban the original author -- after al[l, at least one of those might have started legitimately. Moving on to uncategorized pages. The situation here is a lot less bad than I'd assumed from the plea for help. Well, except for the classified as an attack page bit.

:::I'm having trouble getting WHUMP's actions to show up in RecentChanges even with Show Bots selected though. Wait, going back to default and then pressing show bots it works. -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 22:47, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Have we run out of targets on Marspedia already? It may be time to move on to Exodictionary -- it's been getting slowly pummeled for awhile, although it may not be a large percentage as it has more articles than the rest of our wikis put together -- at least until I get Autostub1 working and crank out about 10,000 articles for Lunarpedia... -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 00:23, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
::::Congratulations, Strangelv, on getting WHUMP to work. I count 122 title only articles deleted. I did not hear about Marspedia being described as having an attack page. What is the trouble with an attack page? - [[User:Farred|Farred]] 09:49, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

== [http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?client=tmpg&hl=ru&langpair=ru|en&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://inocont.net/&usg=ALkJrhi0tZ8DczDS3kY5_KeoktduNAaPFw InoCont] ==

Dear Farred! Thank you for your participation in the development of [[Another Contin(g)ent Concept|the concept of "InoCont"]] and the editorial work you are doing in this area.

As you know, the international scientific and creative program "Another Contin(g)ent» (www.inocont.net) is developing nearly 4 years, and our aims are to unite creative people of all countries to search for a vector of future discoveries and achievements in all spheres of activity both in space and on Earth. This is - a call for co-organizing an international experiment in the creation and testing of complex models of life and infrastructure of autonomous planetary settlements (APS).

Extended abstract concepts in the English language is available on the Marspedia (http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Another_Contin%28g%29ent_Concept ).

Most likely, you will see that our initiative is still evolving without external funding, receives no government support and investment, and relies solely on personal savings and the enthusiasm of volunteers.

We all believe that in an increasingly globalizing world, experiential understanding of the phenomenon of autonomy is necessary for regeneration of new socially significant meanings. This will not only introduce new ideas to solve the problem of initial survival, but also will open up innovative approaches in the development.

The "InoСont" Program relies on the principle of "from the complex – to a simple", which means the union of all the inhabitants of Earth in search of solutions for large-scale social settlements on the Moon, Mars and other objects in the solar system. It is able to rethink the problems of life on Earth and to strengthen the fundamental-project basis for innovative development.

For this paradoxal purpose we develop a unique methodology for forecasting design (FutureDesign) of socio-technological imperatives of development, which will focus on intermediate contests. The first one is planned under the title "UniCont" under the "Cultural Universiade-2013" during the XXVII Summer World Student Games in Kazan, Russia.

We believe that the development of the niche free competition will be extremely attractive to investors today. The Program provides competitive to attract investments for the implementation of the startups.

Development of information and the methodological basis of the experiment will focus on network semantic design, business-project games, musical improvization, simulations in virtual worlds and the creation of full-scale APS’ prototype architectural and engineering controls, etc. The achievement of high-level design specifications (and this is - more than half of the success of any innovation) will contribute to broad interdisciplinary projects and their testing in difficult climatic conditions of the Arctic, underwater, underground and other extreme environments.

Example of APS can become a good practice, working on a team project based on your scientific and cultural interests: that is suitable for extreme conditions, will be effective for milder conditions of the Earth.

All this requires special support from society and business, liders of culture, high-quality new partners.

Please help the program "InoСont" by your tremendous experience and recommendations, well-aimed advice to colleagues and students.

I would be happy personal acquaintance with you and fruitful cooperation.

I wish you good health and all good things of life

''Nazym F. Sayfullin, Chairman of the "Planetonautics" Section, Moscow Society of Naturalists (founded in 1805)''

Welcome to Facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/groups/inocont/

--[[User:PPark|PPark]] 10:09, 27 May 2012 (UTC)

User talk:Farred

2012-05-27T10:09:26Z

PPark: add

Welcome to the flip side. :D - [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 22:46, 17 October 2008 (UTC)
:Happy to be here. Thanks. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 16:55, 22 October 2008 (UTC)
::I want to get a link to Mike Combs' space settlement FAQ to work, so I will try it here.
::Well, I tried it. It did not work. I removed it. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 04:56, 7 June 2010 (UTC)
How about that one: [http://space.mike-combs.com/spacsetl.htm#moon_mining Space settlement - What is there to mine on the moon?]? -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 19:29, 8 June 2010 (UTC)
:I tried the new link put in by Spriditis. It works fine. It seems to me that links have a tendency to go bad with time. I think the link that I put in worked when I wrote it. --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 00:20, 9 June 2010 (UTC)
::I used wiki tags [http://url_path url_title] - <nowiki>[http://url_path url_title]</nowiki>, You used just url.. maybe that was the case. -- [[User:Spriditis|Spriditis]] 15:01, 11 June 2010 (UTC)
:::Thanks --[[User:Farred|Farred]] 18:48, 11 June 2010 (UTC)

== SPAM ==
Hi! I help [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] on Lunarpedia, and we've developed some tools and methods to help us deal with spam.

One thing that we do is set the "reason" for deleting a spam page to just "spam." If the original text of the spam remains in any form, it's possible that the spammer will get paid for it and come back and bring his spammer buds along.

I believe Strangelv has installed his WHUMP tool here, which will auto-delete spam on new pages and block the creator. We'll be tweaking the lists of words, since WHUMP was originally created for lpedia, a political wiki, but I'm sure it will help us keep the spam under control here. Please do tell us common "spam indicator" words that you see in the spam you delete.

[[User:Miros1|Miros1]] 16:49, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:I am happy to see anyone fight the spammers. When I delete a spam page there is automatically a string of text that shows up in the recent changes as the first few bytes of text as part of the reason for deleting the page. This string is only in recent changes and is only available as long as the recent changes is available. Do you want me to erase this string too? I do not delete according to a particular set of words. I check if the posting has a link advertising something that is not Mars or if the text advertises something that is not Mars. In a few of the cases a connection to Mars could have been made if the user had any interest in Mars, but since the user is just a computer program, there is no effort to refer to colonizing Mars. The post is spam and it's history. If I do notice good spam indicator words, I'll let you know. Thanks for being part of the good effort. - [[User:Farred|Farred]] 20:53, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

::I wonder how many legitimate articles are uncategorized -- on LPedia (not connected to Marspedia, Lunarpedia et al. -- it's a political party wiki) that's been the most reliable source for identifying garbage articles as Brian Holtz categorized the last remaining uncategorized pages in the main namespace. Let me wake up enough to start collecting lists of articles to delete and feed into WHUMP. Ideally I'd like to delete the party that posted them originally, but I may chicken out and just have it delete the articles. As WHUMP is flagged as a bot, its activities are hidden by default. Click on 'Show Bots' on Recent Changes to see if it's done anything recently. -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 22:14, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Done; just a blanket delete with no effort to hunt down and ban the original author -- after al[l, at least one of those might have started legitimately. Moving on to uncategorized pages. The situation here is a lot less bad than I'd assumed from the plea for help. Well, except for the classified as an attack page bit.

:::I'm having trouble getting WHUMP's actions to show up in RecentChanges even with Show Bots selected though. Wait, going back to default and then pressing show bots it works. -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 22:47, 22 May 2012 (UTC)

:::Have we run out of targets on Marspedia already? It may be time to move on to Exodictionary -- it's been getting slowly pummeled for awhile, although it may not be a large percentage as it has more articles than the rest of our wikis put together -- at least until I get Autostub1 working and crank out about 10,000 articles for Lunarpedia... -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 00:23, 23 May 2012 (UTC)
::::Congratulations, Strangelv, on getting WHUMP to work. I count 122 title only articles deleted. I did not hear about Marspedia being described as having an attack page. What is the trouble with an attack page? - [[User:Farred|Farred]] 09:49, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

== [http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?client=tmpg&hl=ru&langpair=ru|en&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://inocont.net/&usg=ALkJrhi0tZ8DczDS3kY5_KeoktduNAaPFw InoCont] ==

Dear Farred! Thank you for your participation in the development of the concept of "InoCont" and the editorial work you are doing in this area.

As you know, the international scientific and creative program "Another Contin(g)ent» (www.inocont.net) is developing nearly 4 years, and our aims are to unite creative people of all countries to search for a vector of future discoveries and achievements in all spheres of activity both in space and on Earth. This is - a call for co-organizing an international experiment in the creation and testing of complex models of life and infrastructure of autonomous planetary settlements (APS).

Extended abstract concepts in the English language is available on the Marspedia (http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Another_Contin%28g%29ent_Concept ).

Most likely, you will see that our initiative is still evolving without external funding, receives no government support and investment, and relies solely on personal savings and the enthusiasm of volunteers.

We all believe that in an increasingly globalizing world, experiential understanding of the phenomenon of autonomy is necessary for regeneration of new socially significant meanings. This will not only introduce new ideas to solve the problem of initial survival, but also will open up innovative approaches in the development.

The "InoСont" Program relies on the principle of "from the complex – to a simple", which means the union of all the inhabitants of Earth in search of solutions for large-scale social settlements on the Moon, Mars and other objects in the solar system. It is able to rethink the problems of life on Earth and to strengthen the fundamental-project basis for innovative development.

For this paradoxal purpose we develop a unique methodology for forecasting design (FutureDesign) of socio-technological imperatives of development, which will focus on intermediate contests. The first one is planned under the title "UniCont" under the "Cultural Universiade-2013" during the XXVII Summer World Student Games in Kazan, Russia.

We believe that the development of the niche free competition will be extremely attractive to investors today. The Program provides competitive to attract investments for the implementation of the startups.

Development of information and the methodological basis of the experiment will focus on network semantic design, business-project games, musical improvization, simulations in virtual worlds and the creation of full-scale APS’ prototype architectural and engineering controls, etc. The achievement of high-level design specifications (and this is - more than half of the success of any innovation) will contribute to broad interdisciplinary projects and their testing in difficult climatic conditions of the Arctic, underwater, underground and other extreme environments.

Example of APS can become a good practice, working on a team project based on your scientific and cultural interests: that is suitable for extreme conditions, will be effective for milder conditions of the Earth.

All this requires special support from society and business, liders of culture, high-quality new partners.

Please help the program "InoСont" by your tremendous experience and recommendations, well-aimed advice to colleagues and students.

I would be happy personal acquaintance with you and fruitful cooperation.

I wish you good health and all good things of life

''Nazym F. Sayfullin, Chairman of the "Planetonautics" Section, Moscow Society of Naturalists (founded in 1805)''

Facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/groups/inocont/

--[[User:PPark|PPark]] 10:09, 27 May 2012 (UTC)

User:PPark

2012-03-28T12:28:05Z

PPark:

Nazym F. Sayfullin,

The co-ordinator of the program [["Another Contin(g)ent"|Another Contin(g)ent Concept]]

''nfs@inocont.net''

http://www.inocont.net

Skype: ''TonoBolevi''

Moscow, Russia

Ready For Mars Project

2011-11-02T14:40:57Z

PPark: Undo revision 6009 by 209.78.40.112 (Talk)vandalism

''Ready For Mars'' is a project to develop a realistic and achievable manned mission to Mars.

==Background==

===Objective===

The Ready For Mars project aims to develop a practical engineering design for a manned mission to Mars, comprehensively addressing the various technological challanges that need to be overcome. This effort is based around an outline mission concept that aims to minimise the technological challenges involved.

===Guiding Principles===

The stated guiding principles of the project are:

''To conduct exploration of Mars with a view to establishing a permanent base and, ultimately and in the longer term, a settlement, using the simplest and most pragmatic mission design with the lowest development cost and timescales.''

===History===

The ''Ready For Mars'' project originated from early work carried out by the MarsDrive consortium, with an online collaboration under the name MarsDrive Mission in April 2007. This mission aimed to build on Grant Bonin's ''Mars For Less'' proposal and had the objective of developing a mission using very small landers, to complement the small launch vehicles proposed by Bonin. During the development it became clear that the use of very small landers circumvented many of the Mars Entry, Descent and Landing difficulties that were a major stumbling block for more "conventional" missions employing landers massing many tens of tons.

The original MarsDrive work was further developed by Terry Wilson, later with the assistance of David Gooding, into an outline mission concept that represented a serious attempt to develop a practical mission design that could be achieved within the scope of conventional entry, descent and landing technologies.

The mission concept is currently in a draft form and work continues to complete the concept definition. The Ready For Mars project is aimed at completing the concept, conducting the necessary research and development into the technologies required and embarking upon a formal top-down engineering design for the various mission systems.

==Mission Concept==

===Overall Mission Characteristics===

The mission concept is characterised by:

*Conventional, Viking-style, Entry, Descent and Landing technology
*Small landed payloads (ca. 4,500 kg)
*High redundancy of surface units – mission is a “go” with any single landing failure (and most double failures)
*High surface mobility
*High science return (several thousand kg of scientific equipment)
*Assured Return (that is, not a one-way mission)
*Use of In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) for ascent propellants, breathing air and water.
*Objectives-focused design

===Mission Overview===

===Entry, Descent and Landing Technology===

===Systems and Equipment===
{{wikify}}

[[category:Ready For Mars Project]]

Template:SettlementIndex

2011-10-06T08:46:18Z

PPark: edit

{| style="font-size:8pt;margin:0; margin-top:20px; auto; clear:both;padding:4px 4px 4px 4px;background:#feeadf;border: solid 1px #CC6666; width:100%" cellspacing="0"
|-
! style="color:#feeadf;width:100%;background-color:#7F0000;font-size:10pt" colspan="2" |
 [http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Template:SettlementIndex v] · [http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Template_talk:SettlementIndex d] · [http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Template:SettlementIndex&action=edit e][[:Category:Settlements|Manned Missions to Mars]]
|-

|style="font-size:10pt;text-align:right;padding:3px 10px 3px 3px" |'''[[:Category:Concepts|Concepts]]:'''
|[[:Category:Greenhouse|Greenhouse]] · [[:Category:Settlements|Settlements]] · [[:Category:Concepts|InoCont]] · [[:Category:Regions|Locations]] · [[:Category:Concepts|General]]
|-

|style="font-size:10pt;text-align:right;padding:3px 10px 3px 3px" |'''[[:Category:Hazards|Hazards]]:'''
|[[:Category:Space Weather|Space Weather]] · [[:Category:Climate|Climate]] · [[:Category:Hazards|General]]
|-

|style="font-size:10pt;text-align:right;padding:3px 10px 3px 3px" |'''[[:Category:Technology|Technology]]:'''
|[[:Category:Hi-tech|Hi-Tech]] · [[:Category:Lo-tech|Lo-Tech]] · [[:Category:Energy|Energy]] · [[:Category:Spaceflight science|Spaceflight science]] · [[:Category:Communication|Communication]] · [[:Category:Technology|General]]
|-

|style="font-size:10pt;text-align:right;padding:3px 10px 3px 3px" |'''[[:Category:Human Considerations|Human Considerations]]:'''
|[[:Category:Economics|Economics]] · [[:Category:Health|Health]] · [[:Category:Governance|Governance]] · [[:Category:Trade|Trade]] · [[:Category:Law|Law]] · [[:Category:Social|Social]]

|}

<noinclude>[[Category:Tag Templates]]</noinclude>

User:PPark

2011-09-27T07:43:31Z

PPark:

Nazym F. Sayfullin,

The co-ordinator of the program [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 "Independent planetary settlements"]

''nfs@inocont.net''

http://www.inocont.net

Skype: ''TonoBolevi''

Moscow, Russia

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

2011-09-27T07:26:22Z

PPark: /* Overview */

[[Image:Nasa.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The NASA logo.]]

==Overview==
The '''National Aeronautics and Space Administration''' (NASA) is based in the United States of America. NASA is responsible for the nation's [[space program]] and provides funding for various [[aeronautics]], space and research institutions.

==Plans and statements==
When Chris Scolese displaced Mike Griffin as acting administrator in January 2009 he announced a shift in the agency's direction, bringing astronauts to [[Mars]], abandoning plans towards a base on [[Luna]].<ref>http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17052-nasa-may-abandon-plans-for-moon-base.html</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==Interwiki==
*[[lunarp:NASA]]

{{stub}}

[[Category:Organizations]]

Ready For Mars Project

2011-08-01T13:58:01Z

PPark: /* Systems and Equipment */

Autonomous planetary settlement

2011-05-07T08:40:26Z

PPark: moved Autonomous planetary settlements to Autonomous planetary settlement

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

# Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].
# Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
# Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
# Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
# Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
# Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
# Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

# '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
# '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
# '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
# '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
# '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
# '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
# '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

4) [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Home page of the IPS project]

[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Infrastructure]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

Autonomous planetary settlements

2011-05-07T08:40:26Z

PPark: moved Autonomous planetary settlements to Autonomous planetary settlement

#REDIRECT [[Autonomous planetary settlement]]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2011-05-06T15:05:56Z

PPark: moved Independent Planetary Settlements to Autonomous planetary settlements

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

# Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].
# Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
# Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
# Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
# Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
# Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
# Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

# '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
# '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
# '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
# '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
# '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
# '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
# '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

4) [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Home page of the IPS project]

[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Infrastructure]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

Independent Planetary Settlements

2011-05-06T15:05:56Z

PPark: moved Independent Planetary Settlements to Autonomous planetary settlements

#REDIRECT [[Autonomous planetary settlements]]

Settlement Strategies

2011-03-21T16:22:15Z

PPark: /* Links */ add

The colonization of [[Mars]] can be planned and performed in various ways. This article wants to line out basic '''colonization strategies''' with the final goal to establish a sustainable, self reliant Martian colony, that can exist and even thrive [[independence from Earth|independently from Earth]].

==Aspect of physical independence==
===Introduction===
The long term maintenance of complex equipment requires a huge number of persons. At a minimum, they will need to replace or repair critical components, such as life support, [[Limited medical care in an autonomous colony|medical technology]], [[food]] production, etc. It is hard to imagine that this can be done without [[electronics]] and [[:category:chemistry|chemistry]]. At least some technology must be maintained, for the Martian [[environmental conditions]] do not allow people to live naked on Mars. So, there is a critical mass for the number of persons in an [[autonomous colony]].

Even if fully grown, a Martian colony is not considered a closed system without any input or output from and to Earth. It is rather an independent sovereign state, fully in control of its destiny. In that regard, it need not produce all of its needs locally. Even on [[Earth]], no sovereign state would think of eliminating all trade with other nations. However, such a Martian colony can not perform a trade volume that is comparable with any state on Earth, because the shipment costs are bigger by several orders of magnitude. Therefore, the [[interplanetary commerce]] between Earth and Mars will be reduced largely to data and services that can be transmitted via a [[radio link]].

===Strategy 1: Independence step by step===
An initial colony could start with a few persons. More colonists arrive later. In the beginning it does not supply all of its needs locally. Until critical mass is attained, the settlement will need to buy certain advanced technology. Interplanetary commerce is part of this strategy. It allows starting much simpler and earlier.

The first step is an [[Earth-supported colony]]. With further shipments it can be enhanced to a [[semi-autonomous colony]]. Finally the colony can be equipped with [[equipment for autonomous growth]].

===Strategy 2: Independence at once===
Due to the risk of an interruption of the colonization program, this strategy aims at the full independence from the very start. The first settlement is built in a very spartan, but nonetheless sustainable way, with all vital supplies produced locally. This first settlement [[Unmanned setup of a whole settlement|is constructed remote controlled]] and is fully functional before the first group of settlers head for Mars.

[[Hi-tech versus lo-tech|Spartan technology]] (and hence spartan standard of living) can reduce the critical mass. The inevitable food production is the most critical part. If that can be accomplished with simple technology, the critical mass could be small enough to gain independence at once. However, this includes [[mining]] and processing of all needed materials from [[local resources]].

==Aspect of transport and development==
===Introduction===

To get an idea of the transport costs of a physically independent industrial infrastructure, the current industrial infrastructure on Earth may be estimated as 1 billion workers and 100 tonnes of structure, equipment, and spare parts per worker -- round the total mass budget to 100 billion tonnes. It currently costs $200,000 to land a kilogram on Mars. Additional infrastructure is required for Mars (e.g. pressure vessels and agricultural illumination systems), so double the infrastructure required to 200 tonnes per worker. That comes to 440 million trillion dollars. To reduce this cost by one or two orders of magnitude by creative selection of industrial equipment and workers is probably easy: some of Earth's industry is redundant in terms of self-sufficiency and thus required only for a [[population]] of billions. One or two orders of magnitude drop in transport costs may also be possible in the long term. But this only reduces the cost to at least 44 thousand trillion dollars. To reduce these costs to a reasonable sum, i.e. to the range of tens to hundreds of billions of dollars, requires radical reduction in the size of the industrial infrastructure required, which requires radical redesign of the technology (Strategy 1), or it requires further radical reductions in transport costs (Strategy 2), or a combination of both.

===Strategy 1: Minimum transport and intelligent self development===

Shipping costs are probably lower for small scale machines than large scale machines, and the [[financial effort estimation|financial frame]] will always be tight. The perfect, but unrealistic, way to colonize Mars is sending a one-kilogram probe with a handful of nanobots, preparing the whole colony, before sending a second one-kilogram probe with a handful of frozen fertilized human eggs, etc. This science fiction scenario is, of course, not realistic, but can serve as an ideal to strive for: minimize the mass and volume that needs to be launched from Earth, both initially and on an ongoing basis, by maximizing the self-sufficiency of Mars' industrial and agricultural infrastructures. This probably requires a radical redesign of almost every piece of equipment, and a radical rethinking of industrial infrastructure generally. Lo-tech (see e.g. [[pneumatics]], [[hydraulics]]), small-scale-tech (see e.g. [[blacksmith]], [[brick]], [[glass]]), and flexible tech (see e.g. [[3D Printer]]) are promising approaches.

===Strategy 2: Mass transport of ready-to-use technology===

A colony needs large machinery for life support and further expansion. All machinery is shipped from [[Earth]] to Mars. Plans can be developed for massive colonization ships moving in repeated transfers between Earth and Mars without stopping. Only the cargo and passengers start and stop. Sending a complete industrial economy to Mars is theoretically possible. It just takes a long time, a launch volume much higher than current, or some combination of the two. See cost estimates above. For example, we might spend $100 billion per year for 4.4 million years to set up an independent Mars colony using the same industrial equipment and global-scale economy as Earth, by simply transporting all needed people, structures and equipment (minus one or two orders of magnitude for creative selection of a subset) over this period of time, without any redesign except to account for Martian environmental conditions (low gravity, near-vacuum, etc.) To be anywhere close to being viable, this strategy requires extremely radical reductions in transport costs, possibly from using [[ISRU]]-based propellants, suborbital reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) combine with tether-based orbital momentum transfer, and many other theoretically possible strategies. But then again, how can we do ISRU on such a massive scale without lots of equipment already in space? Catch-22.

===Strategy 3: Develop industry on Luna to support Mars colonization===
This is inspired by the 1970's idea of Gerard O'Neil to build massive solar power plants out of lunar materials. Developing Luna first can take advantage of Luna's unique advantages to provide a massive Mars colonization effort that may not be possible otherwise.

Luna has a lower gravity well than Mars or Earth and a high vacuum at surface level. Because of this there is a potential for a low cost electric launching of cargo from the moon to orbit that Mars and Earth will never be able to match. The cost was estimated as "pennies-per-pound" on the Mike Combs Space Settlement [http://space.mike-combs.com/spacsetl.htm#on_the_moon web site FAQ], the "Why not build solar power stations on the moon?" section. The actual cost per pound of such cargo launch will be heavily dependent upon the size of the market for launching cargo.

Luna has one face constantly turned toward earth so that a stationary antenna there could provide continuous real time communications with less than a three second round trip delay. This allows remote control industrial development from Earth without developing artificial computer intelligence to operate the industry 45 minutes without instructions on the latest developments as would be necessary for remotely controlled industry on Mars. The axial tilt with respect to the ecliptic is 1.5 degrees. So, there is a potential in the course of development of Luna's resources to establish a set of solar power stations within 46 kilometers of either pole linked in a grid such that there is always one of them in sunlight. The ambient vacuum makes efficient thermal insulation as easy as packing fine grains sifted from the regolith. The big advantage of industry on Luna is that it does not need to be a complete infrastructure that can support human beings for every task. Remotely controlled machines are being used on Earth with a growing range of complexity and function.<ref> http://www.lunarpedia.org/index.php?title=Progress_in_Remotely_Operated_Equipment </ref> If as much effort were put into adapting machines to a lunar environment as has been put into adapting machines to an undersea environment, the designs for machines to develop lunar industry would likely be in hand. People on Luna will be few and do only those things for which people are especially capable.
Association with Luna can bring Mars into the market for building structures in Earth orbit before there is even a colony on Mars. Building an industry on Luna will be handicapped by the scarcity of volatiles on Luna but this can be remedied by establishing automated industry on Mars to distill the atmosphere, mine the permafrost at 50 degrees latitude and ship the products to orbit with one system and on to Luna with another. This is probably a simpler problem then building a complete industrial base for a colony, and it would be paid for out of returns from building structures in Earth orbit. Industry started on Mars without Luna would not be able to sell solar power plants to Earth to pay for the investment. It would have to rely on selling hypothetical patent rights of Martian colonists' inventions, gold shot out of an electric cannon to Earth if any is found on Mars, real estate sales and such.

Benefits to Mars colonization that would result from full industry on Luna would include the ability of Luna to ship tanks of liquid oxygen to low Earth orbit for 40 cents a pound to use as rocket fuel. This low cost of transportation would allow considerably higher production costs for oxygen on Luna than on Earth while still having a much lower total delivered cost. The same is true for materials to construct a Mars colonization ship in orbit and a space based solar power plant to be sent to operate in orbit of Mars. If industrialization of Luna is successful, these benefits could be provided to Mars in trade for volatiles to Luna more cheaply than they could be provided by any conceivable arrangement of trade between one region on Mars and another.

'''Some criticisms of this approach:'''

Removing the task of industrial development to the moon mostly just switches the location of the problem. The strategy above is simply to move the problem of developing self-sustainable space industry, given high launch costs on earth, to a new locale then introduce trade between Mars and the new locale. But we can divide industry and trade between places on Mars too: if trade between Mars and the moon could solve the problem so could trade between different places on Mars. The supposed benefits of teleoperation are hypothetical and there is no strong reason to assume it would allow the needed radical reduction in the mass of industrial infrastructure to be launched. No designs for teleoperated machines are presented that would have this effect of radically reducing the mass of the industry that needs to be launched from earth. If they were, they would form part of the general alternative to radical lowering of launch costs, namely radical redesign of the industrial infrastructure. Automation indeed is probably an important element of the radical redesign of industrial technology that will be needed.

To get to the lunar surface from earth still costs within the same order of magnitude as to get to the surface of Mars (currently about $100,000/kg to the lunar surface vs. about $200,000/kg to the Martian surface). Indeed the industrial development problem on the moon is worse because it is scarce in volatiles which are crucial and voluminous inputs to industry. On earth where voluminous water is needed industry locates next to the water. Trying to get them out of Mars' gravity well all the way to the moon may not be economically viable, any more than reversing the course of a river by putting the water into a large fleet of trucks and driving back to the top of the mountains where the river comes from would be an economically viable way to conserve water. It is also easier to think about and solve the self-sufficiency problem on a location like Mars where volatiles and other industrial inputs are both readily available.

The mass driver upon which the effort depends is only a design. It has never been tested as a complete device. If things proceed as supporters of raising an industrial base on Luna by its bootstraps hope, it will take a long time, probably in the neighborhood of fifty years before first financial return. Importing volatiles from Mars requires that both bodies be industrialized at the same time with remotely operated equipment. That causes more complex planning requirements. Dealing only with Mars development avoids having to import elements which are scarce on Luna. Mars has all elements necessary for industrial development available in usable concentrations and quantities.

===Strategy 4: [[Genetic engineering|Genetically engineer crops]] to grow on Mars===
The amount of equipment needed to be transported to Mars could be reduced if crops could spread themselves on the natural surface of Mars. The lichen which grows in extreme conditions on Earth could perhaps be modified to grow on Mars in the current conditions of the 50 degree latitude region. It could incorporate an internal antifreeze such as polyethylene glycol. Various sorts of crops could be designed to incorporate various useful substances in their tissues. When these crops have spread themselves around Mars, colonists would come and harvest them to support their colony. This might greatly reduce the need for industrial infrastructure as a prerequisite to support agriculture.

No plant or lichen genetically engineered or otherwise has ever been grown in vacuum or in near-vacuum conditions like those on Mars, and it is far from clear that this is possible. The chemical and radiation environments on the Martian surface probably also present major hurdles for this approach. This strategy would take many years to first develop crops to grow on Mars and then to plant them and let them spread. The plant released into the wild might mutate into an undesirable form that would not support a colony.

A variation of this strategy is to genetically engineer a hollow tree that can serve as a pressure vessel for smaller life forms inside it. A problem with this approach is how to protect its leaves while giving them sunlight. The coconut tree Protects its seed from the harsh environment of the open ocean with a hard case. By combining genetic engineering with selective breeding, it might be possible to develop a plant that grows a little green house for each leaf and each seed. Seeds would need to be packed with a considerable amount of food and water to get a new plant started on Mars, as coconuts are packed with food and water to start new coconut trees. Starting plants in the most Mars-like environment that they can survive, then developing plants to grow in more and more Mars-like conditions, people might be able to develop a plant that could grow on Mars.

While Earthly plants store sugars and starches in their tissues for use during times of darkness, and they store complete nutrition for their offspring in seeds; they do not store oxygen. They use it from the reservoir of the Earth's atmosphere. Plants that could grow in the ambient Martian conditions would need special tissues to store oxygen. They would also need to develop a flexible water impermeable skin with a sort of window that while remaining impermeable to water would allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through, another sort of window to allow oxygen to be excreted and another sort of window to be translucent. The roots would need to totally engulf particular grains of soil in order to absorb minerals from them without losing water. The adaptations for plants' survival on Mars would be many, but the result would be plants whose seeds are a source of food, water, and oxygen.

==Aspect of finance==
===Introduction===
Frontier settlements are capital investments from which investors expect some utility. Rarely small amounts are donated to altruistic causes (e.g. expanding humanity). Governments invest small sums in science and larger sums in national security. Most commonly, investors demand a profitable return from their investments. The sooner a colony becomes financially self-sufficient, the less investment is required, and thus the sooner an investment is likely to be made in the first place. Since radical elimination of all imports is probably impossible in the short run (see above), a colony is much more likely to be financed if it can generate exports that match or exceed the costs of imports. Since imports are costly, the exports must be valuable. They must also be affordably transportable to Earth: high value and low mass.

===Initial Capital Investments===
The colony requires equipment sufficient equipment to sustain agriculture to feed and clothe the personnel, to generate exports sufficient to pay for imports, and to make at least the heavy replacement parts for the equipment itself. The colony should also preferably grow from an early capital investment rather than continuing to require massive equipment transports from earth in order to expand operations.

===Imports/Expenditures===
Treating the colony as a single financial entity, its ongoing expenditures will be equal to the cost of ongoing imports.

===Exports/Revenues/Profits===
Treating the colony as a single financial entity, its ongoing revenues will be equal to the ongoing proceeds from exports. Profits in a given period will be equal to revenues minus expenditures in that period. In the single financial entity model the profit of the colony in a period thus equals proceeds from exports minus the cost of imports during that period.

===Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of Investments===
Given a series of cash flows, for example annual expenditures and revenues over a period of thirty years, and an interest rate, the NPV function computes the net present value of these cash flows at the start of the series. It is in other words the net present value of profits to be expected by the investors. NPV should exceed the initial capital investment (or alternatively, if capital investments are counted as cash flows, NPV should be positive).

In NPV analysis risk is represented by increasing the interest rate (the "risk premium"). If risk is not fairly evenly distributed over time NPV is less accurate and real options analysis is required for both for accuracy and for designing better strategies. However for most purposes NPV is fine, and it's also easier (you can use a spreadsheet, whereas real options analysis requires more sophisticated software).

In the model treating the colony as a single financial entity, the cash flows in a period are just the proceeds from exports (positive) and the costs of imports (negative) in that period. The net present value of the ongoing exports and imports should exceed the initial investment given an interest rate that includes a risk premium reflecting the risks of the financial failure of the colony.

The internal rate of return (IRR) of an investment gives us the rate of return as an output instead of the interest rate as an input. The initial capital investment is treated as a cash flow in the first period(s).

For more information, see your spreadsheet's help pages for "NPV", "IRR", and related functions.

==Golden Mars scenario==
===Introduction===
We need concrete strategic and financial scenarios to work with. Since colonizing Mars is currently far from economically viable, we have to make some hypothetical, but plausible, assumptions, in order to develop scenarios that are financially and otherwise strategically viable. Here is one, the Golden Mars scenario:

(1) The same geological processes that formed gold ores on Earth once operated on Mars and have left there concentrations of gold on its surface not seen by humans since they first started finding the easy pieces on Earth c. 4000 BC. In particular, 1,000 kg of equipment on the Martian surface can find and ship to the Mars spaceport 10 kg of gold nuggets and flakes per year. Some technological goals to strive for: 10,000 kg of imported equipment (or 100,000 kg of native equipment, because these would be the bulkier parts) requires one person to operate and maintain it, and that person requires another 10,000 kg of equipment to support him. Some of aforementioned equipment should be made on Mars if that increases the economic return, which requires further labor, otherwise it should be imported.

(2) Because of the development of [[ISRU]]-based propellants, the costs of transport from Earth have been reduced by two orders of magnitude (to $2,000/kg) and the costs of transport from Mars surface to Earth surface are $1,000/kg.

(3) Plausible assumptions can be made about making things from Martian raw materials, as long as every part (use parts lists) and every material can be accounted for all the way back to through the supply chain (really supply tree, it keeps branching at every step) to Martian mines.

(4) The price of gold on Earth is about the same as today: $1,100/oz. * 1/28 oz/g * 1,000 g/kg = $39,000/kg. The market for gold production on Earth is about $100 billion/year, and the above-ground inventories are in the trillions of dollars, so you can produce at least $50 billion/year worth of gold before you start saturating the market and the price drops. (To be more precise about this, look up research on the supply/demand curve for gold, I'm sure economists must have researched this many times).

Can you design this Mars colony to be profitable, and thus attract investors?

===Make vs. Import Tradeoffs===

===Initial Capital Investments===

===Imports/Expenditures===

===Exports/Revenues===

===Net Present Value of Investments===

== Reference ==
<references/>

== Links ==

* [[Another Contin(g)ent Concept]]
* [http://journalofcosmology.com/Contents12.html The Human Mission to Mars — Colonizing the Red Planet (The Greatest Adventure in the History of Humanity Edited by Joel S. Levine, Ph.D., NASA, Co-Chair, Human Exploration of Mars Science Analysis Group (HEM-SAG) of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG).; Rudy Schild, Ph.D., Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian In Association and Collaboration with the Mars Society ]

[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Manned Missions]]
[[Category: Settlements]]

Settlement Strategies

2011-02-18T10:16:28Z

PPark: /* Reference */

The colonization of [[Mars]] can be planned and performed in various ways. This article wants to line out basic '''colonization strategies''' with the final goal to establish a sustainable, self reliant Martian colony, that can exist and even thrive [[independence from Earth|independently from Earth]].

==Aspect of physical independence==
===Introduction===
The long term maintenance of complex equipment requires a huge number of persons. At a minimum, they will need to replace or repair critical components, such as life support, [[Limited medical care in an autonomous colony|medical technology]], [[food]] production, etc. It is hard to imagine that this can be done without [[electronics]] and [[:category:chemistry|chemistry]]. At least some technology must be maintained, for the Martian [[environmental conditions]] do not allow people to live naked on Mars. So, there is a critical mass for the number of persons in an [[autonomous colony]].

Even if fully grown, a Martian colony is not considered a closed system without any input or output from and to Earth. It is rather an independent sovereign state, fully in control of its destiny. In that regard, it need not produce all of its needs locally. Even on [[Earth]], no sovereign state would think of eliminating all trade with other nations. However, such a Martian colony can not perform a trade volume that is comparable with any state on Earth, because the shipment costs are bigger by several orders of magnitude. Therefore, the [[interplanetary commerce]] between Earth and Mars will be reduced largely to data and services that can be transmitted via a [[radio link]].

===Strategy 1: Independence step by step===
An initial colony could start with a few persons. More colonists arrive later. In the beginning it does not supply all of its needs locally. Until critical mass is attained, the settlement will need to buy certain advanced technology. Interplanetary commerce is part of this strategy. It allows starting much simpler and earlier.

The first step is an [[Earth-supported colony]]. With further shipments it can be enhanced to a [[semi-autonomous colony]]. Finally the colony can be equipped with [[equipment for autonomous growth]].

===Strategy 2: Independence at once===
Due to the risk of an interruption of the colonization program, this strategy aims at the full independence from the very start. The first settlement is built in a very spartan, but nonetheless sustainable way, with all vital supplies produced locally. This first settlement [[Unmanned setup of a whole settlement|is constructed remote controlled]] and is fully functional before the first group of settlers head for Mars.

[[Hi-tech versus lo-tech|Spartan technology]] (and hence spartan standard of living) can reduce the critical mass. The inevitable food production is the most critical part. If that can be accomplished with simple technology, the critical mass could be small enough to gain independence at once. However, this includes [[mining]] and processing of all needed materials from [[local resources]].

==Aspect of transport and development==
===Introduction===

To get an idea of the transport costs of a physically independent industrial infrastructure, the current industrial infrastructure on Earth may be estimated as 1 billion workers and 100 tonnes of structure, equipment, and spare parts per worker -- round the total mass budget to 100 billion tonnes. It currently costs $200,000 to land a kilogram on Mars. Additional infrastructure is required for Mars (e.g. pressure vessels and agricultural illumination systems), so double the infrastructure required to 200 tonnes per worker. That comes to 440 million trillion dollars. To reduce this cost by one or two orders of magnitude by creative selection of industrial equipment and workers is probably easy: some of Earth's industry is redundant in terms of self-sufficiency and thus required only for a [[population]] of billions. One or two orders of magnitude drop in transport costs may also be possible in the long term. But this only reduces the cost to at least 44 thousand trillion dollars. To reduce these costs to a reasonable sum, i.e. to the range of tens to hundreds of billions of dollars, requires radical reduction in the size of the industrial infrastructure required, which requires radical redesign of the technology (Strategy 1), or it requires further radical reductions in transport costs (Strategy 2), or a combination of both.

===Strategy 1: Minimum transport and intelligent self development===

Shipping costs are probably lower for small scale machines than large scale machines, and the [[financial effort estimation|financial frame]] will always be tight. The perfect, but unrealistic, way to colonize Mars is sending a one-kilogram probe with a handful of nanobots, preparing the whole colony, before sending a second one-kilogram probe with a handful of frozen fertilized human eggs, etc. This science fiction scenario is, of course, not realistic, but can serve as an ideal to strive for: minimize the mass and volume that needs to be launched from Earth, both initially and on an ongoing basis, by maximizing the self-sufficiency of Mars' industrial and agricultural infrastructures. This probably requires a radical redesign of almost every piece of equipment, and a radical rethinking of industrial infrastructure generally. Lo-tech (see e.g. [[pneumatics]], [[hydraulics]]), small-scale-tech (see e.g. [[blacksmith]], [[brick]], [[glass]]), and flexible tech (see e.g. [[3D Printer]]) are promising approaches.

===Strategy 2: Mass transport of ready-to-use technology===

A colony needs large machinery for life support and further expansion. All machinery is shipped from [[Earth]] to Mars. Plans can be developed for massive colonization ships moving in repeated transfers between Earth and Mars without stopping. Only the cargo and passengers start and stop. Sending a complete industrial economy to Mars is theoretically possible. It just takes a long time, a launch volume much higher than current, or some combination of the two. See cost estimates above. For example, we might spend $100 billion per year for 4.4 million years to set up an independent Mars colony using the same industrial equipment and global-scale economy as Earth, by simply transporting all needed people, structures and equipment (minus one or two orders of magnitude for creative selection of a subset) over this period of time, without any redesign except to account for Martian environmental conditions (low gravity, near-vacuum, etc.) To be anywhere close to being viable, this strategy requires extremely radical reductions in transport costs, possibly from using [[ISRU]]-based propellants, suborbital reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) combine with tether-based orbital momentum transfer, and many other theoretically possible strategies. But then again, how can we do ISRU on such a massive scale without lots of equipment already in space? Catch-22.

===Strategy 3: Develop industry on Luna to support Mars colonization===
This is inspired by the 1970's idea of Gerard O'Neil to build massive solar power plants out of lunar materials. Developing Luna first can take advantage of Luna's unique advantages to provide a massive Mars colonization effort that may not be possible otherwise.

Luna has a lower gravity well than Mars or Earth and a high vacuum at surface level. Because of this there is a potential for a low cost electric launching of cargo from the moon to orbit that Mars and Earth will never be able to match. The cost was estimated as "pennies-per-pound" on the Mike Combs Space Settlement [http://space.mike-combs.com/spacsetl.htm#on_the_moon web site FAQ], the "Why not build solar power stations on the moon?" section. The actual cost per pound of such cargo launch will be heavily dependent upon the size of the market for launching cargo.

Luna has one face constantly turned toward earth so that a stationary antenna there could provide continuous real time communications with less than a three second round trip delay. This allows remote control industrial development from Earth without developing artificial computer intelligence to operate the industry 45 minutes without instructions on the latest developments as would be necessary for remotely controlled industry on Mars. The axial tilt with respect to the ecliptic is 1.5 degrees. So, there is a potential in the course of development of Luna's resources to establish a set of solar power stations within 46 kilometers of either pole linked in a grid such that there is always one of them in sunlight. The ambient vacuum makes efficient thermal insulation as easy as packing fine grains sifted from the regolith. The big advantage of industry on Luna is that it does not need to be a complete infrastructure that can support human beings for every task. Remotely controlled machines are being used on Earth with a growing range of complexity and function.<ref> http://www.lunarpedia.org/index.php?title=Progress_in_Remotely_Operated_Equipment </ref> If as much effort were put into adapting machines to a lunar environment as has been put into adapting machines to an undersea environment, the designs for machines to develop lunar industry would likely be in hand. People on Luna will be few and do only those things for which people are especially capable.
Association with Luna can bring Mars into the market for building structures in Earth orbit before there is even a colony on Mars. Building an industry on Luna will be handicapped by the scarcity of volatiles on Luna but this can be remedied by establishing automated industry on Mars to distill the atmosphere, mine the permafrost at 50 degrees latitude and ship the products to orbit with one system and on to Luna with another. This is probably a simpler problem then building a complete industrial base for a colony, and it would be paid for out of returns from building structures in Earth orbit. Industry started on Mars without Luna would not be able to sell solar power plants to Earth to pay for the investment. It would have to rely on selling hypothetical patent rights of Martian colonists' inventions, gold shot out of an electric cannon to Earth if any is found on Mars, real estate sales and such.

Benefits to Mars colonization that would result from full industry on Luna would include the ability of Luna to ship tanks of liquid oxygen to low Earth orbit for 40 cents a pound to use as rocket fuel. This low cost of transportation would allow considerably higher production costs for oxygen on Luna than on Earth while still having a much lower total delivered cost. The same is true for materials to construct a Mars colonization ship in orbit and a space based solar power plant to be sent to operate in orbit of Mars. If industrialization of Luna is successful, these benefits could be provided to Mars in trade for volatiles to Luna more cheaply than they could be provided by any conceivable arrangement of trade between one region on Mars and another.

'''Some criticisms of this approach:'''

Removing the task of industrial development to the moon mostly just switches the location of the problem. The strategy above is simply to move the problem of developing self-sustainable space industry, given high launch costs on earth, to a new locale then introduce trade between Mars and the new locale. But we can divide industry and trade between places on Mars too: if trade between Mars and the moon could solve the problem so could trade between different places on Mars. The supposed benefits of teleoperation are hypothetical and there is no strong reason to assume it would allow the needed radical reduction in the mass of industrial infrastructure to be launched. No designs for teleoperated machines are presented that would have this effect of radically reducing the mass of the industry that needs to be launched from earth. If they were, they would form part of the general alternative to radical lowering of launch costs, namely radical redesign of the industrial infrastructure. Automation indeed is probably an important element of the radical redesign of industrial technology that will be needed.

To get to the lunar surface from earth still costs within the same order of magnitude as to get to the surface of Mars (currently about $100,000/kg to the lunar surface vs. about $200,000/kg to the Martian surface). Indeed the industrial development problem on the moon is worse because it is scarce in volatiles which are crucial and voluminous inputs to industry. On earth where voluminous water is needed industry locates next to the water. Trying to get them out of Mars' gravity well all the way to the moon may not be economically viable, any more than reversing the course of a river by putting the water into a large fleet of trucks and driving back to the top of the mountains where the river comes from would be an economically viable way to conserve water. It is also easier to think about and solve the self-sufficiency problem on a location like Mars where volatiles and other industrial inputs are both readily available.

The mass driver upon which the effort depends is only a design. It has never been tested as a complete device. If things proceed as supporters of raising an industrial base on Luna by its bootstraps hope, it will take a long time, probably in the neighborhood of fifty years before first financial return. Importing volatiles from Mars requires that both bodies be industrialized at the same time with remotely operated equipment. That causes more complex planning requirements. Dealing only with Mars development avoids having to import elements which are scarce on Luna. Mars has all elements necessary for industrial development available in usable concentrations and quantities.

===Strategy 4: [[Genetic engineering|Genetically engineer crops]] to grow on Mars===
The amount of equipment needed to be transported to Mars could be reduced if crops could spread themselves on the natural surface of Mars. The lichen which grows in extreme conditions on Earth could perhaps be modified to grow on Mars in the current conditions of the 50 degree latitude region. It could incorporate an internal antifreeze such as polyethylene glycol. Various sorts of crops could be designed to incorporate various useful substances in their tissues. When these crops have spread themselves around Mars, colonists would come and harvest them to support their colony. This might greatly reduce the need for industrial infrastructure as a prerequisite to support agriculture.

No plant or lichen genetically engineered or otherwise has ever been grown in vacuum or in near-vacuum conditions like those on Mars, and it is far from clear that this is possible. The chemical and radiation environments on the Martian surface probably also present major hurdles for this approach. This strategy would take many years to first develop crops to grow on Mars and then to plant them and let them spread. The plant released into the wild might mutate into an undesirable form that would not support a colony.

A variation of this strategy is to genetically engineer a hollow tree that can serve as a pressure vessel for smaller life forms inside it. A problem with this approach is how to protect its leaves while giving them sunlight. The coconut tree Protects its seed from the harsh environment of the open ocean with a hard case. By combining genetic engineering with selective breeding, it might be possible to develop a plant that grows a little green house for each leaf and each seed. Seeds would need to be packed with a considerable amount of food and water to get a new plant started on Mars, as coconuts are packed with food and water to start new coconut trees. Starting plants in the most Mars-like environment that they can survive, then developing plants to grow in more and more Mars-like conditions, people might be able to develop a plant that could grow on Mars.

While Earthly plants store sugars and starches in their tissues for use during times of darkness, and they store complete nutrition for their offspring in seeds; they do not store oxygen. They use it from the reservoir of the Earth's atmosphere. Plants that could grow in the ambient Martian conditions would need special tissues to store oxygen. They would also need to develop a flexible water impermeable skin with a sort of window that while remaining impermeable to water would allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through, another sort of window to allow oxygen to be excreted and another sort of window to be translucent. The roots would need to totally engulf particular grains of soil in order to absorb minerals from them without losing water. The adaptations for plants' survival on Mars would be many, but the result would be plants whose seeds are a source of food, water, and oxygen.

==Aspect of finance==
===Introduction===
Frontier settlements are capital investments from which investors expect some utility. Rarely small amounts are donated to altruistic causes (e.g. expanding humanity). Governments invest small sums in science and larger sums in national security. Most commonly, investors demand a profitable return from their investments. The sooner a colony becomes financially self-sufficient, the less investment is required, and thus the sooner an investment is likely to be made in the first place. Since radical elimination of all imports is probably impossible in the short run (see above), a colony is much more likely to be financed if it can generate exports that match or exceed the costs of imports. Since imports are costly, the exports must be valuable. They must also be affordably transportable to Earth: high value and low mass.

===Initial Capital Investments===
The colony requires equipment sufficient equipment to sustain agriculture to feed and clothe the personnel, to generate exports sufficient to pay for imports, and to make at least the heavy replacement parts for the equipment itself. The colony should also preferably grow from an early capital investment rather than continuing to require massive equipment transports from earth in order to expand operations.

===Imports/Expenditures===
Treating the colony as a single financial entity, its ongoing expenditures will be equal to the cost of ongoing imports.

===Exports/Revenues/Profits===
Treating the colony as a single financial entity, its ongoing revenues will be equal to the ongoing proceeds from exports. Profits in a given period will be equal to revenues minus expenditures in that period. In the single financial entity model the profit of the colony in a period thus equals proceeds from exports minus the cost of imports during that period.

===Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of Investments===
Given a series of cash flows, for example annual expenditures and revenues over a period of thirty years, and an interest rate, the NPV function computes the net present value of these cash flows at the start of the series. It is in other words the net present value of profits to be expected by the investors. NPV should exceed the initial capital investment (or alternatively, if capital investments are counted as cash flows, NPV should be positive).

In NPV analysis risk is represented by increasing the interest rate (the "risk premium"). If risk is not fairly evenly distributed over time NPV is less accurate and real options analysis is required for both for accuracy and for designing better strategies. However for most purposes NPV is fine, and it's also easier (you can use a spreadsheet, whereas real options analysis requires more sophisticated software).

In the model treating the colony as a single financial entity, the cash flows in a period are just the proceeds from exports (positive) and the costs of imports (negative) in that period. The net present value of the ongoing exports and imports should exceed the initial investment given an interest rate that includes a risk premium reflecting the risks of the financial failure of the colony.

The internal rate of return (IRR) of an investment gives us the rate of return as an output instead of the interest rate as an input. The initial capital investment is treated as a cash flow in the first period(s).

For more information, see your spreadsheet's help pages for "NPV", "IRR", and related functions.

==Golden Mars scenario==
===Introduction===
We need concrete strategic and financial scenarios to work with. Since colonizing Mars is currently far from economically viable, we have to make some hypothetical, but plausible, assumptions, in order to develop scenarios that are financially and otherwise strategically viable. Here is one, the Golden Mars scenario:

(1) The same geological processes that formed gold ores on Earth once operated on Mars and have left there concentrations of gold on its surface not seen by humans since they first started finding the easy pieces on Earth c. 4000 BC. In particular, 1,000 kg of equipment on the Martian surface can find and ship to the Mars spaceport 10 kg of gold nuggets and flakes per year. Some technological goals to strive for: 10,000 kg of imported equipment (or 100,000 kg of native equipment, because these would be the bulkier parts) requires one person to operate and maintain it, and that person requires another 10,000 kg of equipment to support him. Some of aforementioned equipment should be made on Mars if that increases the economic return, which requires further labor, otherwise it should be imported.

(2) Because of the development of [[ISRU]]-based propellants, the costs of transport from Earth have been reduced by two orders of magnitude (to $2,000/kg) and the costs of transport from Mars surface to Earth surface are $1,000/kg.

(3) Plausible assumptions can be made about making things from Martian raw materials, as long as every part (use parts lists) and every material can be accounted for all the way back to through the supply chain (really supply tree, it keeps branching at every step) to Martian mines.

(4) The price of gold on Earth is about the same as today: $1,100/oz. * 1/28 oz/g * 1,000 g/kg = $39,000/kg. The market for gold production on Earth is about $100 billion/year, and the above-ground inventories are in the trillions of dollars, so you can produce at least $50 billion/year worth of gold before you start saturating the market and the price drops. (To be more precise about this, look up research on the supply/demand curve for gold, I'm sure economists must have researched this many times).

Can you design this Mars colony to be profitable, and thus attract investors?

===Make vs. Import Tradeoffs===

===Initial Capital Investments===

===Imports/Expenditures===

===Exports/Revenues===

===Net Present Value of Investments===

== Reference ==
<references/>

== Links ==

* [[Another Contin(g)ent Concept]]

[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Manned Missions]]
[[Category: Settlements]]

Foundation of an Autonomous Colony

2011-02-12T10:09:55Z

PPark: wikif

{{ColonyType}}
The '''Foundation of an Autonomous Colony''' on another cosmic body is one of the most challenging tasks for humanity. Though it requires enormous effort, the goal to expand the influence of mankind throughout the [[Solar system]] is worthwhile. This [[motivation]] has several aspects. This page covers general issues of an [[Autonomy|autonomous]] colony on [[Mars]].

[[Image:ColonyWithDomeAndUnderground.png|thumb|right|300px|Colony with [[Multi-layered vault settlement|dome buildings]] and underground facilities.]]

What is an autonomous colony? The main attribute is [[independence from Earth]]. Once the colony is set up, it provides a [[habitat]] for settlers on the long run, hopefully forever.
The second attribute is a planned and indefinitely stable colony that can thrive from [[local resources]]. Unlike a [[mission with planned death]] the settlers in an autonomous colony have a future for themselves and for their Mars-born [[children]]. The ultimate expression of independence from Earth may be the complete political independence of a colony.

==Technological issues==

[[Bringing down Phobos]] before a [[settlement]] is built may help to make [[Mars]] safe for the long term.

The [[Transport from Earth to Mars|transport of colonists from Earth to Mars]] is a very complicated part of the plan. There are many threats inherent to space travel: [[Solar Radiation|Solar]] & [[Cosmic Radiation|Cosmic]] Radiation, [[Meteorites]], Physical & Mental Illness, etc. Plans will need to be made to deal with every possible problem.

Since people can not live in the natural [[environmental conditions|environment]] a basic artificial [[habitat]] with [[house]]s, supplies and equipment for a long term stay would be deposited on Mars' surface. The [[equipment for autonomous growth|equipment must be technologically sufficient]] to allow the colonists to grow their own [[food]], build new houses, etc.

There are many uncertainties about the impact of the Martian environment. The equipment would be tested on [[Earth]] thoroughly, but the influence of the Martian environment cannot be understood completely on Earth. The safest way is an [[unmanned setup of a whole settlement]] by an automated and remote controlled machinery.

[[Energy]] is the most [[crucial issues|critical resource]]. It is needed for lighting and heating of [[greenhouse]]s, for [[metallurgy]] and production of machines. [[The critical path]] is the generation of enough energy for the production of spare parts for the energy generating systems and greenhouses. In other words: If the energy generating systems and greenhouses can not be maintained endlessly with the amount of energy they produce, an autonomous colony is not feasible.

==Organizational Issues==

The preparation cost for a mission like this is tremendous. A [[financial effort estimation]] helps to get an overview.

Within a small group of colonists, a daily council of all members may be sufficient to address the needs of governance, much in the tradition of the New England town hall meetings. In a growing community some kind of representative [[democracy]] may become necessary, although this type of government may not be well suited to a small colony in a hostile environment.

As the number of members in a martian [[population]] grows, so will the number of deaths. It will become necessary to conduct [[funeral]]s.

==Medical Issues==

===Quarantine===
Before heading for Mars any crew is [[quarantine|quarantined]] to ensure they do not suffer from infectious diseases. As a result, the Martian colony should be more or less free from pathogenic [[microbes|germs]], which saves medical effort. However, for children born on Mars an even more effective [[vaccination|vaccination program]] will be necessary to stimulate the development of Mars-born [[immune system]]s.

===Inbreeding===
The size of the human population must not be too small due to the risk of [[inbreeding depression]]. This can be positively influenced through the use of in-vitro fertilisation from genetic stock for the first child born to every colonial family.

===Cancer===
Increased exposure to [[radiation]] may increase the incidence of cancer. Colonists will need shielding from radiation during [[transport from Earth to Mars]] and on Mars' surface, due to the thin [[atmosphere]] and lack of a planetary [[magnetosphere]].

===Medical care===
Compared with Earth the limited industrial performance of an autonomous colony does not allow the same [[limited medical care|level of medical care]]. High sophisticated accessories for surgery and a great variety of drugs are impossible to produce. Alternatives to standard medicine considered taboo on Earth may be forced upon the growing settlement, such as the use of genetically altered pig organs in emergency transplants.

==Open Issues==
*Can there be enough energy generated, necessary for infinite maintenance?
*What is the public attitude to such a foundation?
*What skills and technologies are needed to have a small self-sufficient economy rather than a 6-billion-person global economy with its highly interdependent and very specialized jobs and technologies?

{{SettlementIndex}}

{{Featured_red_ring}}

[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Manned Missions]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

Foundation of an Autonomous Colony

2011-02-11T18:49:24Z

PPark:

{{ColonyType}}
The '''Foundation of an Autonomous Colony''' on another cosmic body is one of the most challenging tasks for humanity. Though it requires enormous effort, the goal to expand the influence of mankind throughout the [[Solar system]] is worthwhile. This [[motivation]] has several aspects. This page covers general issues of an [[[index.php?title=Autonomy Autonomy]|autonomous]] colony on [[Mars]].

[[Image:ColonyWithDomeAndUnderground.png|thumb|right|300px|Colony with [[Multi-layered vault settlement|dome buildings]] and underground facilities.]]

What is an autonomous colony? The main attribute is [[independence from Earth]]. Once the colony is set up, it provides a [[habitat]] for settlers on the long run, hopefully forever.
The second attribute is a planned and indefinitely stable colony that can thrive from [[local resources]]. Unlike a [[mission with planned death]] the settlers in an autonomous colony have a future for themselves and for their Mars-born [[children]]. The ultimate expression of independence from Earth may be the complete political independence of a colony.

==Technological issues==

[[Bringing down Phobos]] before a [[settlement]] is built may help to make [[Mars]] safe for the long term.

The [[Transport from Earth to Mars|transport of colonists from Earth to Mars]] is a very complicated part of the plan. There are many threats inherent to space travel: [[Solar Radiation|Solar]] & [[Cosmic Radiation|Cosmic]] Radiation, [[Meteorites]], Physical & Mental Illness, etc. Plans will need to be made to deal with every possible problem.

Since people can not live in the natural [[environmental conditions|environment]] a basic artificial [[habitat]] with [[house]]s, supplies and equipment for a long term stay would be deposited on Mars' surface. The [[equipment for autonomous growth|equipment must be technologically sufficient]] to allow the colonists to grow their own [[food]], build new houses, etc.

There are many uncertainties about the impact of the Martian environment. The equipment would be tested on [[Earth]] thoroughly, but the influence of the Martian environment cannot be understood completely on Earth. The safest way is an [[unmanned setup of a whole settlement]] by an automated and remote controlled machinery.

[[Energy]] is the most [[crucial issues|critical resource]]. It is needed for lighting and heating of [[greenhouse]]s, for [[metallurgy]] and production of machines. [[The critical path]] is the generation of enough energy for the production of spare parts for the energy generating systems and greenhouses. In other words: If the energy generating systems and greenhouses can not be maintained endlessly with the amount of energy they produce, an autonomous colony is not feasible.

==Organizational Issues==

The preparation cost for a mission like this is tremendous. A [[financial effort estimation]] helps to get an overview.

Within a small group of colonists, a daily council of all members may be sufficient to address the needs of governance, much in the tradition of the New England town hall meetings. In a growing community some kind of representative [[democracy]] may become necessary, although this type of government may not be well suited to a small colony in a hostile environment.

As the number of members in a martian [[population]] grows, so will the number of deaths. It will become necessary to conduct [[funeral]]s.

==Medical Issues==

===Quarantine===
Before heading for Mars any crew is [[quarantine|quarantined]] to ensure they do not suffer from infectious diseases. As a result, the Martian colony should be more or less free from pathogenic [[microbes|germs]], which saves medical effort. However, for children born on Mars an even more effective [[vaccination|vaccination program]] will be necessary to stimulate the development of Mars-born [[immune system]]s.

===Inbreeding===
The size of the human population must not be too small due to the risk of [[inbreeding depression]]. This can be positively influenced through the use of in-vitro fertilisation from genetic stock for the first child born to every colonial family.

===Cancer===
Increased exposure to [[radiation]] may increase the incidence of cancer. Colonists will need shielding from radiation during [[transport from Earth to Mars]] and on Mars' surface, due to the thin [[atmosphere]] and lack of a planetary [[magnetosphere]].

===Medical care===
Compared with Earth the limited industrial performance of an autonomous colony does not allow the same [[limited medical care|level of medical care]]. High sophisticated accessories for surgery and a great variety of drugs are impossible to produce. Alternatives to standard medicine considered taboo on Earth may be forced upon the growing settlement, such as the use of genetically altered pig organs in emergency transplants.

==Open Issues==
*Can there be enough energy generated, necessary for infinite maintenance?
*What is the public attitude to such a foundation?
*What skills and technologies are needed to have a small self-sufficient economy rather than a 6-billion-person global economy with its highly interdependent and very specialized jobs and technologies?

{{SettlementIndex}}

{{Featured_red_ring}}

[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Manned Missions]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2011-02-09T14:33:14Z

PPark:

'''{{main|Another Contin(g)ent Concept}}'''

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

# Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].
# Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
# Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
# Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
# Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
# Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
# Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

# '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
# '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
# '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
# '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
# '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
# '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
# '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which does not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

4) [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Home page of the IPS project]

[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Infrastructure]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

User talk:PPark

2010-03-18T16:18:57Z

PPark:

==References to Russian web sites==
Hi PPark, your edits in the article [[Independent Planetary Settlements]] are great! This gives a good presentation of the IPS project. However, I have done a little layout enhancement. How do you find that? And there is another problem: The referenced web sites are all in Russian language, which is not useful to most Marspedia users and readers. Are there English language web sites of the IPS project available? Can you arrange to make them on astronet.ru or innovaterussia.ru? -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 07:28, 23 February 2010 (UTC)

* Thanks, your enhancement is fine. As to primary sources: we plan to place in the near future transfer of the detailed program document "Otherwise continent". --[[User:PPark|PPark]] 15:53, 1 March 2010 (UTC)

:::You have done a lot of work here, which I extraordinarily appreciate. I whole bunch of excellent ideas! However, please let me give you some hints:
:::# Marspedia is an ''English only'' site. This is a little different from Wikipedia. In our current development step we can not afford any translation work to fully support several languages. All our readers can understand English, but most readers can not understand Russian as well as Spanish, French or Chinese. I myself am German, but I am obliged to work strictly in English here on Marspedia. I have seen some of your uploaded files with Russian filenames and some with Russian contents. We have no problem with some Russian symbols as part of a logo or similar, but we have a problem with those files. It's best to delete them, I'm afraid. I would be pleased to see English ones instead, because I am sure they bear valuable contents. As you do not have permission to delete files yourself, you may nominate those files on the [[Deletion]] page. Some sysop will then delete them.
:::# Unfortunately, we do not have much of a tutorial here on Marspedia, but it is sometimes really helpful to use the help pages of Wikipedia, because they use the same wiki engine. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial_(Formatting)] is a good page to start with. Also very useful: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Cheatsheet].
:::# Marspedia is, like every other web page, subject to copyright law. This requires a note of origin of any contents, especially of uploaded files. Imported contents may even require a permission of the originator. Please see also the ''NOTICE'' on Marspedia's [[Main Page]]. You might find it helpful to look at the page of other pictures for an example.
:::# I have the impression that your text edits are a kind of ''copy'' of an existing text, which also requires a note of origin. Generally, the articles on Marspedia are not meant to be just ''copies'' of existing documents. Instead, they are creations of Marspedia's authors. It is perfectly fine in an article to reference to external documents, web pages, etc. and to illustrate the articles with uploaded files. If [[Otherwise Continent' Concept]] is such a (translated) copy of ''ИНОЙ_КОНТИНЕНТ'' then this text should be placed on the web space of the original project, and a Marspedia article may introduce the project. A link should be placed inside the Marspedia article, pointing to the external project or to documents inside the external project.
:::Please be not discouraged by those hints. Your edits here on Marspedia are not in vain, and I am sure, they can be restructured according to the rules with not too much effort. Again, I extraordinarily appreciate your work here. Hopefully, we can reach our goals together. Cheers! -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 20:33, 2 March 2010 (UTC)
::::* Hi Rfc, it is very grateful for your recommendations. Work on references will be conducted, but I am afflicted that the template for footnotes on this wiki-portal does not work also necessary comments remain invisible. --[[User:PPark|PPark]] 21:06, 2 March 2010 (UTC)
:::Hi PPark, This is not exactly what I meant. I will try to put it more precise for you:
:::# The only allowed language on Marspedia is ''English''. Please remove all Russian words from the article. I am going to [[Deletion|nominate]] some of your uploaded files for deletion because of their Russian contents, e.g. file ''CashFlow OtherContin.gif'', ''TotalProfit OtherContin.gif'', etc. and because of their Cyrillic filenames, e.g. file ''ГечвоК морфология.gif '', etc.
:::# -
:::# Please insert a copyright note on the page of your uploaded files, e.g. file ''Contingent OtherContin super.gif''. You can find an example how to do that on the page of [[:File:Raw food mix.jpg]] or [[:File:76002main marshabitat.jpg]].
:::# Please rework the article [[Otherwise Continent' Concept]]. The article must not be a pure translation of an existing Russian document. The article may be a mere introduction to that program.
:::If you have further questions, please do not hesitate to ask. I will help you doing the rework if you wish. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 16:54, 6 March 2010 (UTC)

:PPark, I can only assume that you are talking about "spin-up technology." Your current translation software is inadequate for the task of overcoming the Russian English language barrier. Please use better software so that we may communicate. -- PPark, я могу только предположить, что вы говорите о "спин-вверх технологии". Ваша текущая программа перевода является недостаточным для выполнения задачи по преодолению Русский Английский языковой барьер. Пожалуйста, используйте лучшее программное обеспечение, чтобы мы могли общаться. Этот перевод был сделать с помощью Google Translate.[http://translate.google.com/#ru|en|] -- PPark, я могу только предположить, что вы говорите о "спин-вверх технологии". Ваша текущая программа перевода является недостаточным для выполнения задачи по преодолению Русский Английский языковой барьер. Пожалуйста, используйте лучшее программное обеспечение, чтобы мы могли общаться. Этот перевод был WordMonkey сделать с помощью переводчика. -- [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 00:36, 18 March 2010 (UTC)

:PPark, please place the Russian version of your article [[Otherwise Continent' Concept]] at [[Otherwise Continent' Concept/ru|this url]]. I will attempt to read it using GoogleTranslate. We seem to be having issues with the language barrier. I apologize for any confusion. - PPark, пожалуйста, место русскую версию Вашей статьи [[Otherwise Continent' Concept]] на [[Otherwise Continent' Concept/ru|Этот URL]]. Я пытался читать его с помощью GoogleTranslate. Мы, кажется, возникают проблемы с языковым барьером. Я приношу свои извинения за причиненные неудобства. -- [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 01:01, 18 March 2010 (UTC)
:: Thanks, please follow [http://ru.vlab.wikia.com/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82#.D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.8B_.D0.90.D0.9F.D0.9F to the Russian version of the Otherwise Continent' Concept]--[[User:PPark|PPark]] 16:18, 18 March 2010 (UTC)

User talk:PPark

2010-03-02T21:06:00Z

PPark: /* References to Russian web sites */ add

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-03-01T20:50:40Z

PPark: wikific

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative of russian scientists [[Otherwise Continent' Concept|to develop concepts]] of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

===Motivation===

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

===Detailed requirements===

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

===Priority principles===

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

# Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].
# Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].
# Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].
# Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.
# Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].
# Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.
# Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

===Aspects and sections of IPS’ complexity===

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

# '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.
# '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.
# '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.
# '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.
# '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.
# '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.
# '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which do not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

===Social resources===

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

==Involved people==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

==List of references==

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

4) [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Home page of the IPS project]

[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Infrastructure]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

User talk:PPark

2010-03-01T15:53:12Z

PPark: /* References to Russian web sites */

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-20T19:35:09Z

PPark: categorized

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative of russian scientists to develop concepts of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

1. Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].

2. Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].

3. Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].

4. Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.

5. Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].

6. Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.

7. Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

1. '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.

2. '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.

3. '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.

4. '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.

5. '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.

6. '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.

7. '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which do not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

'''''List of references'''''

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

==External Links==
[http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Concept Paper of IPS (doc)]

[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Concepts]]
[[Category: Infrastructure]]
[[Category:Settlements]]

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-20T19:28:27Z

PPark: moved IPS to Independent Planetary Settlements

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-20T19:23:08Z

PPark: /* Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance */

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-20T19:22:00Z

PPark: wkified

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative of russian scientists to develop concepts of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

Danger of collision with the [[Earth]] represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) [[asteroid]]-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a [[threat]] not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of [[Solar System]]. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, there is necessary for our [[civilization]] “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent [[settlement]]s of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

Hereinafter ''independent planetary settlements'' ([[IPS]]) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on [[Mars]], the [[Moon]] and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large [[orbit]]al complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "[[loop effect]]").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent '''risk of domination''' of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over [[spirit]]ually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a [[sociality «from zero»]]. In particular, a careful studying socially-[[culture|cultural]] (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

1. Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) [[NEW NATIVE LAND]]» [3].

2. Working out and approbation of systems of [[information-methodical support of designing]] is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ [[ability to live]].

3. Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ [[architecturally-engineering infrastructure]] for corresponding [[scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics]].

4. Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.

5. Research of reserves of IPS’ [[adaptive ability to live]].

6. Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including [[power]]- and [[water]] delivery, climatic and [[food balance]], etc.

7. Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

1. '''[[Terraforming]]'''. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.

2. '''[[Social-culture-sphere]]'''. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.

3. '''[[Urbanism]] and [[cognitive architecture]]'''. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.

4. '''An [[engineering infrastructure]]'''. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.

5. '''Food circulation ([[homeostasis]])'''. The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.

6. '''[[Complex safety]]'''. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.

7. '''[[Expansion reserves]]'''. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which do not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, [[vital potential]]), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource ([[senses]] and [[values]]) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

'''''List of references'''''

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) [http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319 Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard]

3) [ http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007]

==External Links==
[http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Concept Paper of IPS (doc)]

[[Category: Organizations]]

User talk:Rfc

2010-02-19T18:56:07Z

PPark: /* Messages */

==Messages==

Welcome to Marspedia! I look forward to seeing more of you in the future. You seem familiar with wikis but if you need any help, look at http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page#New_Users_Start_Here.21 or contact one of the admins. Enjoy! [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 16:37, 1 November 2007 (UTC)

:Hi Ian, thank you very much for your warm welcome. I have started to write articles, and I should like to know your opinion. Is this the kind of article this project wants, or is it too fantastic, all-too much pointed to a speculative future? [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 10:55, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

Hi Rfc (do you have a first name, or are you staying anonymous?), it's good to see you contributing in such a positive way. The content you have provided so far is great - any speculative future is fine in my books. Also, you can include your ''personal opinion'' (so long as you clearly state "<nowiki>{{PersPosArticle}} ~~~</nowiki>" which prints "{{PersPosArticle}} [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]]") - personal opinions are fine. Besides, it may create some good discussion. For the main part, article creation is positive step regardless of opinion, speculation or ideas as long as you are fine with a good debate! Anyhow, you seem to have experience with wikis and the content is looking good, so keep it up :-) [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 19:48, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

* Thanks a lot for your attention --[[User:PPark|PPark]] 18:56, 19 February 2010 (UTC)
===Site development===
Hi, I'm just messaging the active contributers to Marspedia to get their views on the redesign of the front page. I've tried to highlight the important links and made the page more accessible to newcomers. Also I've created a Wikipedia-style "featured articles" section. I'd be really interested to hear your views on this. It's going to take a lot more work, but this is a good start. Primarily I want to extract the important info and cut down on the excessive text that may cause confusion (as suggested by a couple of you). However, I haven't removed anything as yet, simply jigged it around a bit. I'll look forward to getting your input :-) -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 08:51, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
:You did a great job, Ian! It really looks better. How about [[Main Page|my changes]]? It is just a proposal, so if you see a problem, please redo it. I am not entirely sure about the place for the "Notice" section. Is it required to stay on top of the page? [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 10:18, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
::Hi Rfc! Thank you, glad you like the redesign :-) I really like your changes too, but for now the copyright notice needs to stay where it is - although I'm getting confirmation from the developers. We are able to change certain things on the front page, but I'm worried about the copyright notice. I love the fact you've moved the "mission statement", that will stay where it is, but for now the copyright will have to stay unmoved. Nice work though! I will let you know when I get a reply to my email about further changes and we can take it from there. Also, suggestions for the slogan after "Welcome to Marspedia!" will be gratefully received, not sure if "''The collaborative resource for building a colony on the Red Planet.''" reads that well... Keep up the superb work! I've been reading your new articles and they are superb, I look forward to seeing more! Did you take a major in Mars settlement design?? Certainly looks like it ;-) Cheers, -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 20:08, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
:::Does a "major in Mars settlement design" really exist? No, I am not, but I am used to design complex telecommunication systems, including some system engineering. I would love to do "Mars settlement design" fulltime, but I guess this is not good for earning the money I need for living (on Earth for the time beeing;-). -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 09:13, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

::::I really wish it did exist! I think the Mars Foundation once had a volunteer who took an engineering course in settlement design, but I dont think he's with us any more. There are ways to make a little cash from Mars settlement concepts, but it's mainly educational. Have a look at our site: [http://www.marshome.org/grants.php http://www.marshome.org/grants.php] to see what can be awarded. Really only useful for students at the moment, but we are hoping to develop funding eventually. -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 20:47, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

===List of Lists===
The List of Lists exists solely for site development. I've hopefully answered some of your questions about it and copied the discussion over to the talk page for List of Lists. Ask more questions and propose things (or leap into action for that matter), just note that I may not respond for quite a few hours. It's daybreak here and I've been up since yesterday... --[[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 12:46, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
:Thanks for explaining. Sweet dreams ... -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 14:50, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

===Blocking repeated bot offenders===
Hey Rfc. Thanks for the idea to block the MER category and Exobiology page - only registered users can edit them now. Between us we probably reverted a hundred edits! At least these pages should be quiet for a month (I put a 1 month limit on the block to see if that is enough).

Sorry I've been a little quiet of late, my laptop crashed last week and it looks like it's dead now, so i'm limited to using the family backup PC for now until I get a new machine. Any problems, I always have access to my email and will be checking Marspedia daily.

Hope you are well and having a nice Christmas in Germany :-) -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 12:48, 26 December 2007 (UTC)

===Featured Article===
Hi Rfc. Thanks for the info on the MarsDrive article, will get to the bottom of who posted it :-)

I have changed the featured article on the front page to the [[Greenhouse]] article you added a lot of new concepts to. Have a look. I used one of your diagrams as I thought it was most descriptive :-) Enjoy!

Take care and catch you soon [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 16:13, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

:Yes, it sprang into my eye, and I feel it's a great honor:-) Besides, "funerals and burials" seems to be double. Perhaps, ''burial'' is the better word, for it is closer to the act carried out in the greenhouse. Hope you had a great season, as well! -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 07:35, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

Hi Rfc! Long time no see! I've been away for so long, I was forgetting how to wiki... looks like things have been moderately quiet over here, but I thought I'd change the "featured article" on the front page. Now I'm back, I think it's high time to re-invigorate this project, especially with Phoenix landing on Mars last week. Will hopefully see you soon! Hope you are well :-) -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 00:55, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

:Hi Ian, welcome back! I too had not much time during the last few months, but I tried to keep an eye on Marspedia at least. I have tried to find a payed job in the planetary research field, but I was not successful near my home. Besides I have talked to many people about the topic, but most people are simply not interested, some even find it a waste of money. So I guess we have to continue with only a few enthusiasts in our spare time, and hopefully we can generate additional attraction by our work here. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 09:17, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

===General===
Hi Rfc. Good news, I now have a new laptop up and running so I hope to be a bit more active on Marspedia! I have some catching up to do, some superb articles have appeared, I'd better get reading. Hope all is good with you. -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 12:38, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
:Hi Ian, congratulations! Laptops are pretty useful, but I don't like their keyboard layout. A bunch of new ''open issues'' have appeared too. It's funny to see how little we know, once we go a little deeper into realization aspects. We could need the help of some specialists (e.g. geologists, chemists, biologists, etc.). And my impression is, the global number of people interested in Martian settlements is less than a hundred, or so. Very few of them seem to have even recognized the emerging of the Marspedia project.
:I am looking forward to January 30th, when the asteroid ''2007 WD5'' crosses the Martian orbital trajectory. There is a tiny chance to hit Phobos ... -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 15:14, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

==captcha code==

Dear RFC, thanks for the captcha code on lunarpedia. Alas I do not have php access, so cannot do anything with it. Only MikeD has php access. Thanks. [[User:Cfrjlr|Charles F. Radley]] 03:38, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

:Hi Charles, I have asked [[user:Ioneill|Ioneill]] to install the PHP code, for he ‎is a Bureaucrat too. --[[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 09:37, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
::You need to be way more than a Bureaucrat to install or upgrade extensions. And if I recall correctly, [[user:Ioneill|Ioneill]] is way more than a Bureaucrat, he can correct me if I'm wrong or get reminders of usernames and passwords if I'm right.
::However, I will be conducting some long overdue maintenance this weekend.
::- [[User:Mdelaney|Mdelaney]] 06:11, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

Hi James, can you please help with [[Marsp:User_talk:Ioneill#gibberish from bot net|this]]? --[[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 09:13, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

Hi again, there are new bot attacks in both Lunarpedia and Marspedia, and I wonder whether it is less work to install the [[Marsp:Marspedia:Captcha|new captcha trigger]] or to revert the bot's edits over and over. As fas as I understand you are the only person keeping the passwords for php access. It should take only a few minutes to insert the green parts:
# Logon to the machine where the wikimedia software is running.
# Find the files ConfirmEdit.php, ConfirmEdit.i18n.php, ConfirmEdit_body.php.
# Be sure the contents of the files match.
# Create a backup copy of the files.
# Insert the green parts using vi or prepare the files on your PC and ftp them.
# Check the effect. If you try to change the first letter in a page a captcha should pop up on clicking the "save page" button.
That should be all. You can count on my assistance, if needed. Cheers! -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 10:23, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

:Unfortunately, I ''don't'' have them. They're all in a text file on a hard drive that may be complete toast that can only run on a specific notebook of mine that may also be complete toast. {{lunarp|User:Dcarson|Dana Carson}} and {{lunarp|User:Mdelaney|Mike Delaney}} both have these passwords last I checked, however. -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 10:43, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

== vacation ==

I'll be on vacation for a few days, without access to the internet. Don't worry about my temporary absence. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 18:44, 29 January 2009 (UTC)
:Have a good time! A break from the internet is a good thing now and then. --[[User:Laertes|Nate]] 23:05, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

== A problem on Lunarpedia ==
Anonymous IP's have edited Strangelove's User:talk page with no response. There is a new user account that has been started in the Russian language. I suspect illegal activity abusing Lunarpedia's undefended condition. I suggest the temporary prohibition of new accounts on Lunarpedia until this gets sorted out. There should be a policy of english language only on Lunarpedia pages if that policy does not exist already. This is a crisis that I hope we can come through.--[[User:Farred|Farred]] 16:17, 23 November 2009 (UTC)
I am sorry that I am not in position to take on administrative responsibilities for Lunarpedia at present. I am willing to look into what would be needed. Anonymous edits at Lunarpedia should also be temporarily disabled.--[[User:Farred|Farred]] 16:37, 23 November 2009 (UTC)
:Since I am only a common user like you, I can not really help. But I am sure the two sysops, you have left a message to, will take appropriate action soon. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 19:27, 23 November 2009 (UTC)
== An article to delete ==
I wrote a new article titled "Solar heat engine." I was unaware of the article Solar concentrator at the time. A portion of what I wrote fit as part of a sub point "Thermal Engines" under "Utilization of Focused Solar Radiation" in the article "Solar concentrator" in the category "Energy" in the category "Technology" in the category "Settlements" in the category "Main." It is not the way I would have arranged categories, but that is how they are and it is best to just fit into the current structure unless someone wants to do a whole reorganization of the site. So, my article is now redundant and hanging in no category. Please delete my article, "Solar heat engine." It can be found in my contributions. Thanks for your consideration.--[[User:Farred|Farred]] 07:27, 2 February 2010 (UTC)
:Hi Farred, I have placed a note on [[Deletion]]. I can not delete articles myself, because I do not have sysop permission. Hopefully, one of the sysops drops in and stumbles on it. The categories tree is not really good, indeed. I, too, feel it needs some rearrangement. Please feel free to do it. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 10:22, 7 February 2010 (UTC)
::Thanks, I now remember that putting a note on the Deletion page is what I should have done. I am not the best at Categorizing articles, but even I could make modest improvements on the present structure, if I were confident of the Wiki techniques. I must learn new things in my old age, better late than never.--[[User:Farred|Farred]] 19:52, 7 February 2010 (UTC)
:The easiest way to create a new category is to place a category tag of a non-existing category on an article's page, which you want to categorize. Then follow the link that appears on the bottom of the article's page and you will find yourself in the middle of an edit pane. To find out what to type in this edit pane, you may have a look into some existing category page, with the edit mode activated (click on the edit tab). The same principle works for article pages as well. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 18:59, 8 February 2010 (UTC)
::After considering the problem of what Wiki techniques to use and reading your advice, all that is left to do is study the present category arrangement to become familiar enough with it to actually make an improvement. I will propose a change when I come up with one. Do not hold your breath waiting for it.--[[User:Farred|Farred]] 20:04, 9 February 2010 (UTC)

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-19T18:53:11Z

PPark: to be wikificated, edited

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative of russian scientists to develop concepts of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

== Independent settlements of underground basing: problems of complex designing and ability to live maintenance ==

G.G.Malinetskij1, N.A.Mitin1, B.R.Mushailov2, N.F.Sayfullin1, R.T.Sirazetdinov3

1 Institute of Applied Mathematics of M.V.Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

2 State Astronomical Institute of P.K.Shternberga of the Moscow State University of M.V.Lomonosova, Moscow

3 Kazan State Technical University of A.N.Tupoleva, Kazan

Danger of collision with the Earth represents a significant amount (estimated tens thousand) asteroid-comet bodies which probability of detection it is insignificant small. It is necessary to recognize that known and rather actively propagandized measures «evasion from asteroids» (by interception and destruction of asteroids and the comets bearing obvious threat, changes of their trajectory by various measures, etc.) have soothingly-waiting character more likely. Similar self-confidence and blind belief owing to the weapon as unique means of the decision of acute problems not only is dangerous to mankind, but also is prodigal, as leads to a new coil of race of arms and corresponding redistribution of financial streams. Such statement does not leave a place for constructive actions on preventive working out of the measures directed on a case when collision of an asteroid with the Earth inevitably and it will cause catastrophic consequences for all without an exception of inhabitants of the Earth. If it will be possible to "evade" from individual dangerous space objects and to avoid local accidents, the Earth should be ready and have to global accident for this scenario adequate decisions.

Asteroid-comet danger is a threat not only for the Earth, but also for other objects of Solar system. It is unimportant, therefore there can be an accident, the main thing that it basically is possible. Means, the is necessary for our civilization “a black box”. It should fix the true reasons of possible tragedy, preserve record the necessary time and transfer to its future generations. Experience, especially so negative and global, - is invaluable. It is possible to tell confidently already now: this problem is not decided. If it "not burning", - it is fine, means, we have time easy, carefully to be prepared for its decision. If time just barely enough, - well, it is necessary to have time to make that else it is possible to be in time [1].

The given purpose is served also by the decision offered by authors on preventive expansion of complex design works on creation and pre-production operation of scale of typical independent settlements of underground basing.

The considered problem situation acts universal, not having political, corporate, geographical and any others paradigm borders. Before in world practice there were no similar situations when people of the different countries and continents would find real base for constructive consolidation in the face of valid civilization problems.

Hereinafter independent planetary settlements (IPS) include variants with basing on the big depths of the Earth, no less than with placing on Mars, the Moon and other planets of Solar system. The carried out analysis gives the grounds to believe that for independent settlement of underground basing by a threat source it is necessary to accept an asteroid in the average size in 500 (five hundred) meter («is conditional-base threat»), that defines demanded depth of placing of the given settlement as not less than 12-15 km in thickness of a planet [2].

It is necessary to recognize that working out of a complex of decisions for similar extreme underground conditions not only is comparable, but also exceeds on complexity those problems which are interfaced to known programs of creation of planetary bases on Mars or the Moon. Similar ambition directed by the program serves as the locomotive for creation of new generation of earth and space technologies and the materials splash in scientific and technical development of the end of the last century, noted by flights on the Moon, creation of large orbital complexes, etc. was which analogue (so-called "loop effect").

At creation of independent settlements crucial to prevent risk of domination of technocratic priorities over humanitarian, over spiritually-ethical priorities that is characteristic for modern space programs. Thus it is necessary to understand that for mankind as a whole qualitatively new aspect of development of underground depths will consist that for the first time the mankind will be a source of origin of a sociality «from zero». In particular, a careful studying socially-cultural (instead of so much socially-psychological) aspect of formation of independent settlements is required. Feature of such settlements is covered in paradoxicality of those senses which will be expanse and embodied by people on environment, earlier untouched by terrestrial culture.

Crucial for destinies of the subsequent generations there is also an overcoming of inertia of direct extrapolation of terrestrial norms and stereotypes in others for the person of an inhabitancy, a support on priorities of maintenance of humanitarian responsibility without a damage of technological efficiency of extraterrestrial missions. Search of answers to these crucial questions will be interfaced to necessity of the permission of weight not trivial civilization problems.

Now initiative works on formation of the corresponding complex technical project are conducted. Priority principles of creation of independent settlements include:

1. Scenary modelling of strategy of IPS’ ability to live on methodology of futuredesign of socio-cultural dynamics and on the basis of the base concept: «INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENT AS (SOMEONE'S) NEW NATIVE LAND» [3].

2. Working out and approbation of systems of information-methodical support of designing is look-ahead-proved socio-cultural strategy of IPS’ ability to live.

3. Creation of concepts and projects of IPS’ architecturally-engineering infrastructure for corresponding scenarios of socio-cultural dynamics.

4. Expansion of complex geophysical look-ahead researches on regional and basic profiles for construction physical-geological and, first of all, physical-geometrical models of a deep structure of earth crust on which basis the forecast of the geophysical environment and all IPS possible resources of underground basing will be carried out.

5. Research of reserves of IPS’ adaptive ability to live.

6. Working out and pilot realizations of the IPS’ engineering infrastructure including power- and water delivery, climatic and food balance, etc.

7. Working out of the general technical project on the hypothetical underground basing IPS’ avant-guard-project.

Aspects and sections of IPS’ complex working out include following mainframes:

1. Terraforming. Formation problems of "an inhabited lens of dwelling», climate formation, agrotechnologies of vegetative soil formation, typical soil structure, complex investigation of useful resources, including industrial raw materials, the vital resources etc.

2. Social-culture-sphere. This one of priority directions of the researches, including working out of methodology of social design forecasting of IPS’ vital strategy, research of the factor of time as resource of IPS’ ability to live, construction of IPS model as managing self-organizing subject, algorithms of modelling of IPS’ strategy. Software-hardware for IPS design forecasting, methodical and teaching-didactic maintenance of IPS’ design forecasting here get out.

3. Urbanism and cognitive architecture. Here the problem with the requirement of initial three-dimensional model of a geounderlying cause is found out. Its designing should be carried out by architects in common with experts in geophysics, geology-mineralogy, fluid modes in a cloak, to the stress-deformed conditions of the top cloak, etc.

4. An engineering infrastructure. Includes all complex of problems on power supply, water supply, synthesis of air, ventilation, air-conditioning and thermostatic, recycling of a waste, to channels of communications, etc.

5. Food circulation (homeostasis). The problem of maintenance of an optimum food allowance of IPS’ inhabitants dares.

6. Complex safety. Including, information-psychological safety, power safety, technical safety, physical, etc. aspects of safety.

7. Expansion reserves. It is the key not trivial aspect of designing which do not have methodological analogues in the history of mankind.

The problematics of independent settlements is entered in more shared problem of the resource approach to society existence, i.e. society existence at deficiency of resources. And this resource sight concerns the various parties of human existence from economic activities before education and a fashion. Thus as a resource are considered not only it is material-power resources, but also a political resource (power), the symbolical capital (influence), a physical resource (health, vital potential), an intellectual resource (knowledge, ideas), an emotional resource (feelings, experiences), a cultural-semiotics resource (senses and values) etc.

Uniqueness and specificity of the above-stated problems put in number paramount a problem of creation of the international distributed technological environment of of underground basing IPS’ designing. In this plan it is necessary to recognize that the dominating traditions which have settled in the world of designing are based on a paradigm of the private corporate intellectual right with all following costs of a competition and patenting, concealment of perspective workings out, etc. defects of a monetary society.

'''''List of references'''''

1) Altshuller G. S, Vertkin I.M. As to become the heretic. Vital strategy of the creative person. Petrozavodsk, "Kareliya", 1991, P. 166-168

2) Mushailov B.R. About a problem of comet-asteroid hazard http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1220319

3) Sayfullin N.F. Adaptive vital strategy of independent social groups in crisis conditions: to statement of problems. Preprint, Inst. Appl. Math., the Russian Academy of Science № 83, Moscow, 2007 http://www.keldysh.ru/papers/2007/prep83/prep2007_83.html

==External Links==
[http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Concept Paper of IPS (doc)]

[[Category: Organizations]]

User:PPark

2010-02-19T14:41:34Z

PPark: edit

Nazym F. Sayfullin,

The co-ordinator of the program [http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 "Independent planetary settlements"]

Moscow, Russia

Autonomous planetary settlement

2010-02-19T14:26:52Z

PPark: /* External Links */

The program '''Independent Planetary Settlements''' ('''IPS''') is an initiative of russian scientists to develop concepts of self sufficient [[settlement]]s on a variety of cosmic bodies, including [[Earth]].

==External Links==
[http://zv.innovaterussia.ru/project/476 Concept Paper of IPS (doc)]

[[Category: Organizations]]

User:PPark

2010-02-17T19:52:51Z

PPark: Created page with ' Nazym F. Sayfullin, The co-ordinator of the program "Independent planetary settlements" Moscow, Russia'

Nazym F. Sayfullin,

The co-ordinator of the program "Independent planetary settlements"

Moscow, Russia

Talk:Old Home

2010-02-17T15:31:30Z

PPark: new

This page has been protected to avoid anonymous attacks.

=Main Page development=
I have made an attempt to upgrade the front page to improve design, ease of use and accessability to the wiki. I have tried to focus on accessibility for new users as we need to increase online interest in our efforts.

Some recent updates:
*Inclusion of a "[[Featured articles]]" on the front page (see [[user:Ioneill]] for development details).
*Creating [[Marspedia:About]] page to move bulk text from main page.
*Creating "Marspedia News" section on front page - for development purposes (i.e. new site developments/announcements), '''not''' to advertise new content.

Unresolved areas:
*Copyright notice, should it be moved to a less-prominent position?

For now, over to you! -- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 04:19, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

<hr/>

:I like the new appearance. It is better than ever! -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 07:43, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

::It looks wonderful; I can't wait to steal it for Lunarpedia. 8) The copyright rules notice is too large and unwieldy, and as you may have noticed, in over a year I've not figured out a more compact solution that imparts the required information. Maybe a terse summary with a link to a more detailed version? How much can we pare down the summary if so? --[[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 08:30, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

:::Hi James, I have seen several occurrences of "8)" in your talk. What does it mean? -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 09:10, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

::::It's an emoticon, akin to ''':-)'''. I wear glasses, thus the eight instead of the colon... --[[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 11:28, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

:Cool, glad to get people's opinion on it. Kinda melded the Wikipedia format with our own - hopefully we'll be a unique set of wikis in time. I've been looking at the copyright notice, and I think we can work with what we have for now. We must keep in mind, we are in the development phase of this project, so there are going to be a lot of rough edges. As we will (hopefully) have a continuous, and increasing influx of articles, newcomers will need to read the GFDL terms and conditions first. Also, having the copyright notice there is in keeping with Lunarpedia etc., so it's a good visual aid to see we are all in the same "club"!
:James, feel free to copy any of the design aspects and stick them into Lunarpedia, will be nice to see a cool blue and grey version 8) I think the divs and tables are up to par. Seems to be formatted correctly in Firefox and IE, so there shouldn't be too many issues with other operating systems. I've noticed a slight loss in border on the right side of the copyright notice when using FF, will get that fixed.
:-- [[User:Ioneill|Ioneill]] 20:45, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

== Wikipedia based articles ==
I personally support the public domain license, but isin't it alot easier to just fork all the required articles from Wikipedia, then edit them from there? Many articles should be almost complete copies from Wikipedia. Having a "GFDL" namespace seems confusing. [[User:Nawi|Nawi]] 11:36, 1 July 2008 (UTC)
:I don't think there are many articles that should be almost complete copies from Wikipedia. Every Marspedia article is written in the context of building a settlement on Mars, with special orientation to the Martian circumstances. When I started to work for Marspedia I had a similar idea - and an enlightening [[User_talk:Ioneill#Contents from Wikipedia?|discussion with Ioneill]]. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 20:19, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

== Captcha ==
Can the captcha be disabled for registered users or something, because it's pretty annoying. [[User:Nawi|Nawi]] 15:12, 29 June 2008 (UTC)
:Hi Nawi, I agree with you. Since I am an ordinary user I can not change this, but I can give you some explanation about the working principle of the captcha. The ''"gibberish captcha"'' is designed to pop up if the first word of an article is going to be changed (Please see also [[Marspedia:Captcha]]). Also, a captcha pops up for edits that add URLs and for Userlogin. We implemented the ''"gibberish captcha"'' when we experienced frequent attacks by a bot inserting gibberish into Marspedia articles. This captcha works fine, but is certainly a bit annoying when creating new articles. Most edits, however, should not trigger this captcha, since most edits leave the article's first word as is. If you experience a different behaviour, please let me know. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 07:43, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Please disable the captcha. It is '''''EXTREMELY''''' annoying. [[User:T.Neo|T.Neo]] 13:25, 3 July 2008 (UTC)
:Possibly [[user:Strangelv|Strangelv]] can disable it for registered users, but I have no idea how to do it. Perhaps it is not possible for the captchas to distinguish registered users from IPs. After all we have to find a good balance of usability and security. If we had no captchas at all, we would get flooded with a torrent of automated spam (as we experienced before the activation of the captchas). -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 18:59, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

== Fountdation of an autonomous colony ==

Is the current FA going to stay on the Main Page forever? I swear is hasn't changed in the last 5 days. [[User:T.Neo|T.Neo]] 12:44, 23 June 2008 (UTC)
:The process of nomination and featuring is not maintained on a daily basis, because nobody is willing to spend the effort so far. For a history please see [[Featured articles]]. -- [[User:Rfc|Rfc]] 12:56, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

O.K. [[User:T.Neo|T.Neo]] 09:09, 27 June 2008 (UTC)

::If possible, could someone write a step by step guide to featuring an article? I mean the coding procedure. I have FTP access if such access is necessary to change the article. I also need to do so on Lunarpedia, but haven't had time to dig through the code to figure out a way to wing it without screwing things up. I doubt that future users will want to go through all of that. -- [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 07:01, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

:::Nevermind, I figured it out. You guys put your heads together and decide which article you think should be featured and then clear it with Ian. I have this talk paged watched, so I'll know if you post your final decision here. I'll do the grunt work if Ian finds himself otherwise occupied. -- [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 08:43, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

==Featured Article==
I would like to nominate [[Water]] as the next featured article, although it might be useful to quickly go over it and the most recent results from the lander to make sure it's up to date... -- [[User:Strangelv|Strangelv]] 10:51, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

==Promotion==

I've just submitted Lunarpedia and Marspedia to the DMOZ ODP.

[http://www.dmoz.org/ http://www.dmoz.org/]

I recommend that you also submit them in order to increase traffic and speed up the process of our links being approved. ODP also populates these to other search engines. - [[User:Jarogers2001|Jarogers2001]] 10:26, 26 December 2008 (UTC)

= Program strengthening =

'''''Dear Colleagues,'''''

Your activity is close to us on spirit, we are glad to your successes.

We invite you to discuss the new practical idea of association in the unique program of which the mankind didn't know analogues. The given program has the working name «Otherwise continent» (in Russian - ''[http://ppark.livejournal.com/3678.html «Иной континент»]''). Idea being: to begin in different places of the Earth creation of [http://www.marspedia.org/index.php?title=Independence_from_Earth real planetary settlements], pertinent for conditions of the Moon, Mars, etc. and to offer in this independent settlements habitation and work for high-grade intelligent families.

It will allow to provide advancing development of new land culture and an infrastructure of interplanetary programs which shortly all the same become habitual for earth dwellers. I.e. we begin preventive preparation to grow roots on the planets through inclusion of such independent planetary settlements in a land economic turn, developing thus empty earths, applying renewed energy sources, progressive agrotechnologies, «new pedagogics» and many other innovations which still remain a rarity on the Earth.

Number of inhabitants can exceed and 3 thousand persons in each settlement

There doesn't exist any basic obstacles from the point of view of engineering-technological reserves for this way, both materials Marspedia, and our long-term researches testify it. But the basic alarm is caused by absence in plans and preparations of disembarkation to the planets qualitatively important for settling of planets of strategy – ''strategy of socio-culture dynamics''. This aspect is in especially powerfully developing by our scientists and designers. Mission of the given so-called '''''[http://ppark.livejournal.com/4837.html planetonautics (C)]''' ''strategy also consists in advancing development already on the Earth and at direct participation of all earth dwellers of culture of planetary dwelling …

I.e. for planetonautics priorities vary into how socio-culture drive technology’s development: socio-culture factors become a source of technological development, rather the reverse, as before, in astronautics, for example.

The program is supported by some companies and the research centers of Russia, now we search for partners in a consortium abroad. Their interest is clear: after all in the conditions of crisis such strategy will allow to open new applications for pertinent workings out from any of areas – the industries, astronautics, IT, social technologies, the pedagogic, robotics, transport, the different high technologies, many branches of fundamental and applied science etc., i.e. will suffice affairs on all. There will be new workplaces, families will not break up, new knowledge and technologies, social communications etc. All these workings out be required and inhabitants of independent settlements will be engaged, and superfluous products (energy, a foodstuff, new knowledge, techniques, etc.) will be on sale on a foreign market.

The business plan is developed for the basic land version of independent settlement of type «Solar farm», for three settlements drawings prepare, there is discussion at conferences and on the Internet, students etc. work over themes

We consider that the most suitable time has now come to pour in this strategy the large finance and to provide to it steady progress.

Details it suggested to discuss after your acknowledgment of basic interest.

Yours faithfully,

Nazym F. Sayfullin,

The co-ordinator of the program "Independent planetary settlements"

Moscow, Russia
--[[User:PPark|PPark]] 15:31, 17 February 2010 (UTC)