Early warning system (solar radiation) - Revision history

Jburk at 00:09, 18 December 2018

2018-12-18T00:09:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:09, 18 December 2018
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	<references/>		<references/>

	[[category:~~concepts]]~~		[[category:Radiation Protection]]
	~~[[category:Space Weather]]~~
	~~[[category:essays~~]]

Farred: fix typos

2013-10-25T07:22:11Z

fix typos

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:22, 25 October 2013
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	\|style="background-color:green;text-align:center"\|		\|style="background-color:green;text-align:center"\|
	'''Safe'''<br/>		'''Safe'''<br/>
	<small>Minimal solar activity. ~~Preceed~~ with guarded caution. Have a good day :)</small>		<small>Minimal solar activity. Proceed with guarded caution. Have a good day :)</small>
	\|}		\|}
	<small>'''A possible simple "flag" system to warn colonists of solar radiation levels'''</small>		<small>'''A possible simple "flag" system to warn colonists of solar radiation levels'''</small>
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	Instruments in the Earth-Sun <math>L_1</math> point already provide scientists on Earth with an '''early warning system''' to monitor [[:category:Space Weather\|space weather]]. Probes such as ''SoHO'' and ''ACE'' receive solar ions approximately an hour before they impact the Earth's atmosphere.<ref>[http://www.astroengine.net/projects.php#svalbard Project: ''Solar Wind – Magnetospheric Interaction: Magnetic Storms and the Aurora'' (page 16), Ian J. O'Neill and Gareth P. Thomas, University Center on Svalbard (UNIS), April 2002]</ref> This not only provides excellent diagnostic data, but also gives advanced warning to companies and organizations that the Earth is 60 minutes away from experiencing an increase in [[solar radiation]]. Emergency procedures can be enacted accordingly, possibly saving delicate satellites and astronauts.		Instruments in the Earth-Sun <math>L_1</math> point already provide scientists on Earth with an '''early warning system''' to monitor [[:category:Space Weather\|space weather]]. Probes such as ''SoHO'' and ''ACE'' receive solar ions approximately an hour before they impact the Earth's atmosphere.<ref>[http://www.astroengine.net/projects.php#svalbard Project: ''Solar Wind – Magnetospheric Interaction: Magnetic Storms and the Aurora'' (page 16), Ian J. O'Neill and Gareth P. Thomas, University Center on Svalbard (UNIS), April 2002]</ref> This not only provides excellent diagnostic data, but also gives advanced warning to companies and organizations that the Earth is 60 minutes away from experiencing an increase in [[solar radiation]]. Emergency procedures can be enacted accordingly, possibly saving delicate satellites and astronauts.

	A simple, cost effective probe may be inserted into the Mars-Sun <math>L_1</math> point. This probe needn't be as sophisticated as ''SoHO'' or ''ACE'', it just needs to monitor the flux of energetic particles ~~travelling~~ toward Mars. Akin to a "flag" system on a patrolled beach (red for "dangerous", no swimming. Green for "safe", water is safe), Mars settlers could have advanced warning of an incoming [[CME]] from the Sun. If constantly measured by a particle detector on the probe at the <math>L_1</math> point, various stages of danger levels may be used to indicate to settlers unprotected on the surface of what severity of risk they are in. Surface "walkabouts" may be tightly restricted by such a system.		A simple, cost effective probe may be inserted into the Mars-Sun <math>L_1</math> point. This probe needn't be as sophisticated as ''SoHO'' or ''ACE'', it just needs to monitor the flux of energetic particles traveling toward Mars. Akin to a "flag" system on a patrolled beach (red for "dangerous", no swimming. Green for "safe", water is safe), Mars settlers could have advanced warning of an incoming [[CME]] from the Sun. If constantly measured by a particle detector on the probe at the <math>L_1</math> point, various stages of danger levels may be used to indicate to settlers unprotected on the surface of what severity of risk they are in. Surface "walkabouts" may be tightly restricted by such a system.

	==Outstanding design issues==		==Outstanding design issues==
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	The distance between Earth's <math>L_1</math> point (with the probes measuring solar particles) and the planet is approximately 1.5 million km. This provides information on the solar wind particles approximately 1 hour before they are received on Earth. Mars is a less massive planet than the Earth, therefore, Mars' <math>L_1</math> point will be closer to the planet than the Earth's.		The distance between Earth's <math>L_1</math> point (with the probes measuring solar particles) and the planet is approximately 1.5 million km. This provides information on the solar wind particles approximately 1 hour before they are received on Earth. Mars is a less massive planet than the Earth, therefore, Mars' <math>L_1</math> point will be closer to the planet than the Earth's.

	Reaching a logical conclusion, assuming solar particles are ~~travelling~~ at the same velocity in near-Mars orbit as with near-Earth orbit, a Mars early warning system of the design outlined above will be less effective than the terrestrial version. So, how much time will the Mars early warning system provide to colonists from detection (at <math>L_1</math>) to impact (at Mars' surface)?		Reaching a logical conclusion, assuming solar particles are traveling at the same velocity in near-Mars orbit as with near-Earth orbit, a Mars early warning system of the design outlined above will be less effective than the terrestrial version. So, how much time will the Mars early warning system provide to colonists from detection (at <math>L_1</math>) to impact (at Mars' surface)?

	Using the equation from [[Lagrangian point]] calculations:		Using the equation from [[Lagrangian point]] calculations:

Ioneill: +cat and -cat

2008-01-02T13:53:41Z

+cat and -cat

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:53, 2 January 2008
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	[[category:concepts]]		[[category:concepts]]
	~~[[category:technology]]~~
	[[category:Space Weather]]		[[category:Space Weather]]
			[[category:essays]]

Ioneill at 07:37, 27 November 2007

2007-11-27T07:37:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:37, 27 November 2007
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	Using the equation from [[Lagrangian point]] calculations:		Using the equation from [[Lagrangian point]] calculations:


	:<math>r \approx R \sqrt[3]{\frac{M_M}{3 M_S}}</math>		:<math>r \approx R \sqrt[3]{\frac{M_M}{3 M_S}}</math>


	where <math>r</math> is the distance of <math>L_1</math> from Mars, <math>R</math> is the distance between the bodies and <math>M_M</math> and <math>M_S</math> are the masses of Mars and the Sun respectively.		where <math>r</math> is the distance of <math>L_1</math> from Mars, <math>R</math> is the distance between the bodies and <math>M_M</math> and <math>M_S</math> are the masses of Mars and the Sun respectively.
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	Using <em>R</em> = 2.28 × 10<sup>11</sup> meters, <em>M</em><sub>M</sub> = 6.4191×10<sup>23</sup> kg and <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> = 1.98892×10<sup>30</sup> kg, we arrive at a value of:		Using <em>R</em> = 2.28 × 10<sup>11</sup> meters, <em>M</em><sub>M</sub> = 6.4191×10<sup>23</sup> kg and <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> = 1.98892×10<sup>30</sup> kg, we arrive at a value of:

	<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.
			:<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.


	Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth), the time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 72% = '''43.2 minutes'''.		Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth), the time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 72% = '''43.2 minutes'''.

Ioneill: /* Early warning system for the onset of solar storms */

2007-11-27T07:34:41Z

Early warning system for the onset of solar storms

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:34, 27 November 2007
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	==Early warning system for the onset of solar storms==		==Early warning system for the onset of solar storms==
	<div style="margin-left:10px;padding:5px 5px 5px 5px;float:right;width:160px;text-align:center;border:solid 1px #888888">		<div style="margin-left:10px;padding:5px 5px 5px 5px;float:right;width:160px;text-align:center;border:solid 1px #888888;background-color:#fff">
	{\|		{\|
	\|style="background-color:red;text-align:center"\|		\|style="background-color:red;text-align:center"\|

Ioneill: /* Early warning system for the onset of solar storms */ added a fun "warning" flag system

2007-11-27T07:34:13Z

Early warning system for the onset of solar storms: added a fun "warning" flag system

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ==Early warning system for the onset of solar storms==
 Instruments in the Earth-Sun <math>L_1</math> point already provide scientists on Earth with an '''early warning system''' to monitor [[:category:Space Weather|space weather]]. Probes such as ''SoHO'' and ''ACE'' receive solar ions approximately an hour before they impact the Earth's atmosphere.<ref>[http://www.astroengine.net/projects.php#svalbard Project: ''Solar Wind – Magnetospheric Interaction: Magnetic Storms and the Aurora'' (page 16), Ian J. O'Neill and Gareth P. Thomas, University Center on Svalbard (UNIS), April 2002]</ref> This not only provides excellent diagnostic data, but also gives advanced warning to companies and organizations that the Earth is 60 minutes away from experiencing an increase in [[solar radiation]]. Emergency procedures can be enacted accordingly, possibly saving delicate satellites and astronauts.
 A simple, cost effective probe may be inserted into the Mars-Sun <math>L_1</math> point. This probe needn't be as sophisticated as ''SoHO'' or ''ACE'', it just needs to monitor the flux of energetic particles travelling toward Mars. Akin to a "flag" system on a patrolled beach (red for "dangerous", no swimming. Green for "safe", water is safe), Mars settlers could have advanced warning of an incoming [[CME]] from the Sun. If constantly measured by a particle detector on the probe at the <math>L_1</math> point, various stages of danger levels may be used to indicate to settlers unprotected on the surface of what severity of risk they are in. Surface "walkabouts" may be tightly restricted by such a system.
 ==Outstanding design issues==

Ioneill: /* Outstanding design issues */

2007-11-27T07:21:49Z

Outstanding design issues

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:21, 27 November 2007
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	<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.		<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.

	Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth), the time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 0.72 = '''43.2 minutes'''.		Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth), the time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 72% = '''43.2 minutes'''.

			Although 43 minutes is less than the warning time Earth-based solar wind probes are able to provide, this is not a great reduction in lag time, and would still greatly benefit the humans unprotected from solar radiation.

	===References===		===References===

Ioneill: /* The Mars $L_1$ time lag problem */

2007-11-27T07:12:33Z

The Mars <math>L_1</math> time lag problem

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:12, 27 November 2007
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	==Outstanding design issues==		==Outstanding design issues==
	===The Mars <math>L_1</math> time lag problem===		===The Mars <math>L_1</math> time lag problem?===
	The distance between Earth's <math>L_1</math> point (with the probes measuring solar particles) and the planet is approximately 1.5 million km. This provides information on the solar wind particles approximately 1 hour before they are received on Earth. Mars is a less massive planet than the Earth, therefore, Mars' <math>L_1</math> point will be closer to the planet than the Earth's.		The distance between Earth's <math>L_1</math> point (with the probes measuring solar particles) and the planet is approximately 1.5 million km. This provides information on the solar wind particles approximately 1 hour before they are received on Earth. Mars is a less massive planet than the Earth, therefore, Mars' <math>L_1</math> point will be closer to the planet than the Earth's.

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	Using <em>R</em> = 2.28 × 10<sup>11</sup> meters, <em>M</em><sub>M</sub> = 6.4191×10<sup>23</sup> kg and <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> = 1.98892×10<sup>30</sup> kg, we arrive at a value of:		Using <em>R</em> = 2.28 × 10<sup>11</sup> meters, <em>M</em><sub>M</sub> = 6.4191×10<sup>23</sup> kg and <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> = 1.98892×10<sup>30</sup> kg, we arrive at a value of:

	:<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.		<math>r \approx 1.08 \times 10^9</math> meters or 1.08 million km, 72% of the distance of Earth's 1.5 million km.

	~~Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth),~~

	~~:Time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 0.72 = '''43.2 minutes'''.~~








			Now, keeping the assumption that it will approximately take solar ions 60 minutes to travel 1.5 million km (from Earth's <math>L_1</math> point to Earth), the time from <math>L_1</math> to Mars' surface = 60 × 0.72 = '''43.2 minutes'''.

	===References===		===References===

Ioneill: adding calculations

2007-11-27T07:10:54Z

adding calculations

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 Like Earth, Mars has its own [[Lagrangian point]]s with the Sun. Currently there are no man-made satellites in <math>L_{1(Mars)}</math> or <math>L_{2(Mars)}</math> orbit, but it is conceivable that these islands of gravitational stability may be used to greatly benefit future Mars colonies.
-===Early warning system for the onset of solar storms===
+==Early warning system for the onset of solar storms==
 Instruments in the Earth-Sun <math>L_1</math> point already provide scientists on Earth with an '''early warning system''' to monitor [[:category:Space Weather|space weather]]. Probes such as ''SoHO'' and ''ACE'' receive solar ions approximately an hour before they impact the Earth's atmosphere.<ref>[http://www.astroengine.net/projects.php#svalbard Project: ''Solar Wind – Magnetospheric Interaction: Magnetic Storms and the Aurora'' (page 16), Ian J. O'Neill and Gareth P. Thomas, University Center on Svalbard (UNIS), April 2002]</ref> This not only provides excellent diagnostic data, but also gives advanced warning to companies and organizations that the Earth is 60 minutes away from experiencing an increase in [[solar radiation]]. Emergency procedures can be enacted accordingly, possibly saving delicate satellites and astronauts.
 A simple, cost effective probe may be inserted into the Mars-Sun <math>L_1</math> point. This probe needn't be as sophisticated as ''SoHO'' or ''ACE'', it just needs to monitor the flux of energetic particles travelling toward Mars. Akin to a "flag" system on a patrolled beach (red for "dangerous", no swimming. Green for "safe", water is safe), Mars settlers could have advanced warning of an incoming [[CME]] from the Sun. If constantly measured by a particle detector on the probe at the <math>L_1</math> point, various stages of danger levels may be used to indicate to settlers unprotected on the surface of what severity of risk they are in. Surface "walkabouts" may be tightly restricted by such a system.
 ===References===

Ioneill: adding dedicated early warning article

2007-11-27T06:14:39Z

adding dedicated early warning article

New page

Like Earth, Mars has its own [[Lagrangian point]]s with the Sun. Currently there are no man-made satellites in <math>L_{1(Mars)}</math> or <math>L_{2(Mars)}</math> orbit, but it is conceivable that these islands of gravitational stability may be used to greatly benefit future Mars colonies.

===Early warning system for the onset of solar storms===
Instruments in the Earth-Sun <math>L_1</math> point already provide scientists on Earth with an '''early warning system''' to monitor [[:category:Space Weather|space weather]]. Probes such as ''SoHO'' and ''ACE'' receive solar ions approximately an hour before they impact the Earth's atmosphere.<ref>[http://www.astroengine.net/projects.php#svalbard Project: ''Solar Wind – Magnetospheric Interaction: Magnetic Storms and the Aurora'' (page 16), Ian J. O'Neill and Gareth P. Thomas, University Center on Svalbard (UNIS), April 2002]</ref> This not only provides excellent diagnostic data, but also gives advanced warning to companies and organizations that the Earth is 60 minutes away from experiencing an increase in [[solar radiation]]. Emergency procedures can be enacted accordingly, possibly saving delicate satellites and astronauts.

A simple, cost effective probe may be inserted into the Mars-Sun <math>L_1</math> point. This probe needn't be as sophisticated as ''SoHO'' or ''ACE'', it just needs to monitor the flux of energetic particles travelling toward Mars. Akin to a "flag" system on a patrolled beach (red for "dangerous", no swimming. Green for "safe", water is safe), Mars settlers could have advanced warning of an incoming [[CME]] from the Sun. If constantly measured by a particle detector on the probe at the <math>L_1</math> point, various stages of danger levels may be used to indicate to settlers unprotected on the surface of what severity of risk they are in. Surface "walkabouts" may be tightly restricted by such a system.

===References===
<references/>

[[category:concepts]]
[[category:technology]]
[[category:Space Weather]]