Ethanol - Revision history

Kee.nethery: /* Industrial Production from Ethylene */

2021-11-25T21:46:00Z

Industrial Production from Ethylene

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:46, 25 November 2021
Line 13:		Line 13:
	===Industrial Production from Ethylene===		===Industrial Production from Ethylene===
	[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO or CO<sub>2</sub> and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.<ref>2020 upgraded process from CO2 https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-electrocatalyst-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-ethanol/</ref>		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO or CO<sub>2</sub> and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.<ref>2020 upgraded process from CO2 https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-electrocatalyst-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-ethanol/</ref>

			===Industrial Production via Carbon Dioxide===
			Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont Illinois has an electrocatalyst that efficiently converts carbon dioxide into ethanol. <ref>Lina Chong (2021). Turning carbon dioxide into liquid fuel \| Argonne National Laboratory. Anl.gov. Retrieved 25 November 2021, from https://www.anl.gov/article/turning-carbon-dioxide-into-liquid-fuel.</ref>

			"The catalyst consists of atomically dispersed copper on a carbon-powder support. By an electrochemical reaction, this catalyst breaks down CO<sub>2</sub> and water molecules and selectively reassembles the broken molecules into ethanol under an external electric field. The electrocatalytic selectivity, or 'Faradaic efficiency', of the process is over 90 percent. The catalyst also operates stably over extended operation at low voltage. The mechanism should also provide a foundation for development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide conversion to a vast array of value-added chemicals."

			CO<sub>2</sub> is a stable molecule and transforming it into a different molecule is normally energy-intensive and costly. The electrochemical process of CO<sub>2</sub>-to-ethanol conversion using the catalyst could take advantage of the low-cost electricity available during off-peak hours. Because the process runs at low temperature and pressure, it can start and stop rapidly in response to the intermittent supply of excess electricity.

	==Uses==		==Uses==

Kee.nethery: /* Industrial Production via Carbon Dioxide */

2021-11-25T21:43:20Z

Industrial Production via Carbon Dioxide

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:43, 25 November 2021
Line 10:		Line 10:
	===Fermentation===		===Fermentation===
	Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].		Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].

	~~===Industrial Production via Carbon Dioxide===~~
	Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont Illinois has an electrocatalyst that efficiently converts carbon dioxide into ethanol. <ref>Lina Chong (2021). Turning carbon dioxide into liquid fuel \| Argonne National Laboratory. Anl.gov. Retrieved 25 November 2021, from https://www.anl.gov/article/turning-carbon-dioxide-into-liquid-fuel.</ref>

	"The catalyst consists of atomically dispersed copper on a carbon-powder support. By an electrochemical reaction, this catalyst breaks down CO<sub>2</sub> and water molecules and selectively reassembles the broken molecules into ethanol under an external electric field. The electrocatalytic selectivity, or 'Faradaic efficiency', of the process is over 90 percent. The catalyst also operates stably over extended operation at low voltage. The mechanism should also provide a foundation for development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide conversion to a vast array of value-added chemicals.

	Because CO<sub>2</sub> is a stable molecule, transforming it into a different molecule is normally energy-intensive and costly. But the electrochemical process of CO<sub>2</sub>-to-ethanol conversion using the catalyst could be coupled to the electric grid to take advantage of the low-cost electricity available from renewable sources like solar and wind during off-peak hours. Because the process runs at low temperature and pressure, it can start and stop rapidly in response to the intermittent supply of the renewable electricity."

	===Industrial Production from Ethylene===		===Industrial Production from Ethylene===

Kee.nethery: /* Fermentation */

2021-11-25T21:42:48Z

Fermentation

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:42, 25 November 2021
Line 10:		Line 10:
	===Fermentation===		===Fermentation===
	Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].		Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].

			===Industrial Production via Carbon Dioxide===
			Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont Illinois has an electrocatalyst that efficiently converts carbon dioxide into ethanol. <ref>Lina Chong (2021). Turning carbon dioxide into liquid fuel \| Argonne National Laboratory. Anl.gov. Retrieved 25 November 2021, from https://www.anl.gov/article/turning-carbon-dioxide-into-liquid-fuel.</ref>

			"The catalyst consists of atomically dispersed copper on a carbon-powder support. By an electrochemical reaction, this catalyst breaks down CO<sub>2</sub> and water molecules and selectively reassembles the broken molecules into ethanol under an external electric field. The electrocatalytic selectivity, or 'Faradaic efficiency', of the process is over 90 percent. The catalyst also operates stably over extended operation at low voltage. The mechanism should also provide a foundation for development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide conversion to a vast array of value-added chemicals.

			Because CO<sub>2</sub> is a stable molecule, transforming it into a different molecule is normally energy-intensive and costly. But the electrochemical process of CO<sub>2</sub>-to-ethanol conversion using the catalyst could be coupled to the electric grid to take advantage of the low-cost electricity available from renewable sources like solar and wind during off-peak hours. Because the process runs at low temperature and pressure, it can start and stop rapidly in response to the intermittent supply of the renewable electricity."

	===Industrial Production from Ethylene===		===Industrial Production from Ethylene===

Kee.nethery: /* Industrial Production */

2021-11-25T21:23:35Z

Industrial Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:23, 25 November 2021
Line 11:		Line 11:
	Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].		Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].

	===Industrial Production===		===Industrial Production from Ethylene===
	[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO or CO<sub>2</sub> and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.<ref>2020 upgraded process from CO2 https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-electrocatalyst-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-ethanol/</ref>		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO or CO<sub>2</sub> and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.<ref>2020 upgraded process from CO2 https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-electrocatalyst-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-ethanol/</ref>

Michel Lamontagne: /* Production */

2021-05-26T02:58:50Z

Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:58, 26 May 2021
Line 2:		Line 2:
	'''Ethanol''', also known as '''ethyl alcohol''' or '''grain alcohol''', is the most common [[alcohol]]. Its formula is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH. It is clear and colorless. Ethanol is useful mixed into gasoline because it has a higher octane number than gasoline, reducing engine knocking.<ref name=":0">[https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/ethanol.html “Ethanol.”] n.d. U.S. Department of Energy: Alternative Fuels Data Center.</ref>		'''Ethanol''', also known as '''ethyl alcohol''' or '''grain alcohol''', is the most common [[alcohol]]. Its formula is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH. It is clear and colorless. Ethanol is useful mixed into gasoline because it has a higher octane number than gasoline, reducing engine knocking.<ref name=":0">[https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/ethanol.html “Ethanol.”] n.d. U.S. Department of Energy: Alternative Fuels Data Center.</ref>

	It is a mild [[depressant]] when ingested~~, and is a common ingredient in many beverages~~. Besides its recreational use, ethanol is important to many industries and [[food preservation]]. Ethanol can be produced on Mars using [[In-situ resource utilization\|In Situ Resources]].		Ethanol is an ingredient in many beverages. It is a mild [[depressant]] when ingested. Besides its recreational use, ethanol is important to many industries and [[food preservation]]. Ethanol can be produced on Mars using [[In-situ resource utilization\|In Situ Resources]].

	==Production==		==[[In-situ resource utilization\|In situ Production]]==
	[[File:Process-Ethanol.png\|thumb\|600x600px\|Ethanol production Paths]]		[[File:Process-Ethanol.png\|thumb\|600x600px\|Ethanol production Paths]]
	Ethanol is usually produced from [[biomass]]. Most plant material can be transformed to produce Ethanol.<ref name=":0" />		Ethanol is usually produced from [[biomass]]. Most plant material can be transformed to produce Ethanol.<ref name=":0" />
Line 15:		Line 15:

	==Uses==		==Uses==
			===Recreation and nutrition===
			Ingestion of excessive ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and impairs judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion may be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.
	===Industrial Use===		===Industrial Use===
	Ethanol is useful as a [[fuel]]. In contrast to most other chemical [[energy]] sources (or energy vectors, in this case), ethanol is relatively non-toxic and unreactive.		Ethanol is useful as a [[fuel]]. In contrast to most other chemical [[energy]] sources (or energy vectors, in this case), ethanol is relatively non-toxic and unreactive.
Line 22:		Line 24:
	===Food Preservation===		===Food Preservation===
	Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.		Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.
	~~===Recreation and nutrition===~~
	Ingestion of excessive ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and impairs judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion may be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />
	[[category:Materials]]		[[category:Materials]]

Michel Lamontagne at 02:54, 26 May 2021

2021-05-26T02:54:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:54, 26 May 2021
Line 1:		Line 1:
			[[File:Ethanol-2D-flat.svg\|thumb\|200x200px\|Ethanol molecule]]
	'''Ethanol''', also known as '''ethyl alcohol''' or '''grain alcohol''', is the most common [[alcohol]]. Its formula is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH. It is clear and colorless. Ethanol is useful mixed into gasoline because it has a higher octane number than gasoline, reducing engine knocking.<ref name=":0">[https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/ethanol.html “Ethanol.”] n.d. U.S. Department of Energy: Alternative Fuels Data Center.</ref>		'''Ethanol''', also known as '''ethyl alcohol''' or '''grain alcohol''', is the most common [[alcohol]]. Its formula is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH. It is clear and colorless. Ethanol is useful mixed into gasoline because it has a higher octane number than gasoline, reducing engine knocking.<ref name=":0">[https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/ethanol.html “Ethanol.”] n.d. U.S. Department of Energy: Alternative Fuels Data Center.</ref>

Michel Lamontagne at 19:57, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T19:57:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:57, 27 November 2020
Line 11:		Line 11:

	===Industrial Production===		===Industrial Production===
	[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO or CO<sub>2</sub> and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.<ref>2020 upgraded process from CO2 https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-electrocatalyst-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-ethanol/</ref>

	==Uses==		==Uses==

Michel Lamontagne at 19:42, 27 November 2020

2020-11-27T19:42:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:42, 27 November 2020
Line 4:		Line 4:

	==Production==		==Production==
	Ethanol is ~~produces~~ from [[biomass]]. Most plant material can be transformed to produce ~~methanol~~.<ref name=":0" />		[[File:Process-Ethanol.png\|thumb\|600x600px\|Ethanol production Paths]]
			Ethanol is usually produced from [[biomass]]. Most plant material can be transformed to produce Ethanol.<ref name=":0" />

	===Fermentation===		===Fermentation===
Line 10:		Line 11:

	===Industrial Production===		===Industrial Production===
	[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce ~~ethanol~~. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce Ethanol, although the reverse process, Ethylene production from Ethanol by dehydration, may be more common on Mars. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.

	==Uses==		==Uses==
	===Industrial Use===		===Industrial Use===
	Ethanol is useful as a [[fuel]]. In contrast to most other chemical [[energy]] sources, ethanol is relatively non-toxic and unreactive.		Ethanol is useful as a [[fuel]]. In contrast to most other chemical [[energy]] sources (or energy vectors, in this case), ethanol is relatively non-toxic and unreactive.

	Ethanol is an effective [[solvent]] for many chemicals.		Ethanol is an effective [[solvent]] for many chemicals.
Line 20:		Line 21:
	===Food Preservation===		===Food Preservation===
	Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.		Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.
	===Recreation===		===Recreation and nutrition===
	Ingestion of ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and impairs judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion ~~will likely~~ be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.		Ingestion of excessive ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and impairs judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion may be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />
	[[category:Materials]]		[[category:Materials]]

Michel Lamontagne: /* Industrial Production */

2020-11-27T19:28:57Z

Industrial Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 27 November 2020
Line 4:		Line 4:

	==Production==		==Production==
	Ethanol is produces from biomass~~, a wide variety of~~ plant material.<ref name=":0" />		Ethanol is produces from [[biomass]]. Most plant material can be transformed to produce methanol.<ref name=":0" />

	===Fermentation===		===Fermentation===
	Ethanol is easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast]] through [[fermentation]].		Ethanol is most easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast\|yeasts]] through [[fermentation]].

	===Industrial Production===		===Industrial Production===
	[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce ethanol. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce ethanol. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst and electrolysis<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.

	==Uses==		==Uses==
Line 21:		Line 21:
	Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.		Ethanol is used to preserve [[fruits]] and other foods.
	===Recreation===		===Recreation===
	Ingestion of ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and ~~impares~~ judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion will likely be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.		Ingestion of ethanol in [[food]] or drink causes intoxication. It is a mild depressant, and impairs judgement and reduces inhibitions. Managed use of ethanol may be used to raise [[morale]]. Ethanol ingestion will likely be restricted heavily in a [[settlement]] due to the risk to oneself and others.

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />
	[[category:Materials]]		[[category:Materials]]

Michel Lamontagne: /* Artificial Production */

2020-11-27T19:25:16Z

Artificial Production

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:25, 27 November 2020
Line 9:		Line 9:
	Ethanol is easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast]] through [[fermentation]].		Ethanol is easily produced from [[sugars]] by [[yeast]] through [[fermentation]].

	===~~Artificial~~ Production===		===Industrial Production===
	[[Ethylene]] is hydrated to produce ethanol.		[[Ethylene]] can be hydrated to produce ethanol. Ethanol may also be produced form CO and Water using a copper catalyst<ref>Ethanol form CO and water https://www.technologyreview.com/2014/04/09/173425/a-less-resource-intensive-way-to-make-ethanol/</ref>.

	==Uses==		==Uses==