Surface composition - Revision history

RichardWSmith: /* Notes */ Fixed formatting

2024-09-22T10:09:25Z

Notes: Fixed formatting

RichardWSmith: Mars has a red color not a red glow.

2024-09-22T10:08:09Z

Mars has a red color not a red glow.

Kee.nethery: /* Black Rock Playa, Nevada, USAStephen Gillett (1997). Toward a Silicate-Based Molecular Nanotechnology. Retrieved 6 September 2019, from https://web.archive.org/web/20190906083332/https://foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gillett1/#Sec61 */

2021-11-26T00:06:56Z

Black Rock Playa, Nevada, USAStephen Gillett (1997). Toward a Silicate-Based Molecular Nanotechnology. Retrieved 6 September 2019, from https://web.archive.org/web/20190906083332/https://foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gillett1/#Sec61

Kee.nethery: /* SNC-meteoritesP. Cattermole, Mars: The story of the Red Planet, (Springer Science & Business Media, Dec 6, 2012 - Science), page 51, Table 5.1. */

2021-11-26T00:05:38Z

SNC-meteoritesP. Cattermole, Mars: The story of the Red Planet, (Springer Science & Business Media, Dec 6, 2012 - Science), page 51, Table 5.1.

Kee.nethery: /* Viking Lander 1 & 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil SimulantAllen, C., Jager, K., Morris, R., Lindstrom, D., Lindstrom, M., & Lockwood, J. (1998). Martian soil stimulant available for scientific, educational study. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 79(34), 405-405. https://doi.org/10.1029/98eo00309 */

2021-11-25T23:25:13Z

Viking Lander 1 & 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil SimulantAllen, C., Jager, K., Morris, R., Lindstrom, D., Lindstrom, M., & Lockwood, J. (1998). Martian soil stimulant available for scientific, educational study. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 79(34), 405-405. https://doi.org/10.1029/98eo00309

Kee.nethery: /* Overview */

2021-10-18T22:03:25Z

Overview

Kee.nethery: /* Viking Lander 1 & 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil SimulantCarlton C. Allen, Karen M. Jager, Richard V. Morris, David J. Lindstrom, Marilyn M. Lindstrom, John P. Lockwood, Martian Soil Simulant Available for Scientific, Educational Study, (EOS, TRANSACTIONS, AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION), Volume 79, Number 34, August 25 1998, pages 405-409, Table 1. */

2021-10-18T21:05:39Z

Viking Lander 1 & 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil SimulantCarlton C. Allen, Karen M. Jager, Richard V. Morris, David J. Lindstrom, Marilyn M. Lindstrom, John P. Lockwood, Martian Soil Simulant Available for Scientific, Educational Study, (EOS, TRANSACTIONS, AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION), Volume 79, Number 34, August 25 1998, pages 405-409, Table 1.

Kee.nethery: /* Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012 */

2021-10-18T21:01:32Z

Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012

Kee.nethery: /* Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012 */

2021-10-18T01:40:17Z

Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012

Kee.nethery: /* Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012 */

2021-10-18T01:38:58Z

Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovershttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:09, 22 September 2024
Line 310:		Line 310:


−	<References>	+	==References==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Stub}}
+This page summarized the soil composition of Mars.
 ==Overview==
 A predominant feature of the [[Mars|Martian]] surface is the [[iron|iron oxide]]-rich dust known as [[regolith]], giving the planet its characteristic red color. This dust is very fine and the result of years of [[meteorites|meteorite]] impacts pulverizing the Martian surface spreading dust around the planet. This dust is blown globally by storms, creating massive seasonal [[dust storms]] that can last for months.
@@ Line 8: / Line 9: @@
 There is also evidence the Martian surface may be more silica-rich than the basalt created by lava flows, similar to [[exd:andesitic|andesitic]] rocks found on [[Earth]] (rock which crystallizes from silicate minerals at intermediate temperatures).
-Mars has twice as much iron oxide in its outer layers as Earth does, despite their similar origin (meteorite impacts). This is due to the geologically active (and hotter) Earth transporting much of the surface iron deep below the terrestrial surface. Mars does not have this geological advantage to produce heat, so the iron remains in the Martian regolith, giving Mars its red glow.
+Mars has twice as much iron oxide in its outer layers as Earth does, despite their similar origin (meteorite impacts). This is due to the geologically active (and hotter) Earth transporting much of the surface iron deep below the terrestrial surface. Mars does not have this geological advantage to produce heat, so the iron remains in the Martian regolith, giving Mars its red color.
 ==Materials==
@@ Line 304: / Line 305: @@
-==Notes==
+<References>

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:06, 26 November 2021
Line 304:		Line 304:


−	===Black Rock Playa, Nevada, USA<ref>Stephen Gillett (1997). Toward a Silicate-Based Molecular Nanotechnology. Retrieved 6 September 2019, from https://web.archive.org/web/20190906083332/https://foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gillett1/#Sec61</ref>===
−	Table 2. Analyses of grab samples of miscellaneous "dirt" and mine tailings from selected locations in northwestern Nevada. Seems to indicate that the composition of the surface layer of the Black Rock Playa (BRP) in Nevada where Burning Man has been held, has similarities to Mars.

−	{\|
−	~~\|Elements~~
−	~~\|Name~~
−	~~\|(%)~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|SiO<sub>2</sub>~~
−	~~\|Silicon Dioxide~~
−	~~\|43.1~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>~~
−	~~\|Aluminum Oxide~~
−	~~\|11.8~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>~~
−	\|Iron(II) Oxide**
−	~~\|5.32~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|CaO~~
−	~~\|Calcium Oxide~~
−	~~\|4.51~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|MgO~~
−	~~\|Magnesium Oxide~~
−	~~\|3.46~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|K<sub>2</sub>O~~
−	~~\|Potassium Oxide~~
−	~~\|2.82~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|Na<sub>2</sub>O~~
−	~~\|Sodium Oxide~~
−	~~\|2.29~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|TiO<sub>2</sub>~~
−	~~\|Titanium Dioxide~~
−	~~\|0.49~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>~~
−	~~\|Phosphorus Pentoxide~~
−	~~\|0.19~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|MnO~~
−	~~\|Manganese(II) oxide~~
−	~~\|0.08~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|"LOI"~~
−	~~\|Lost On Ignition~~
−	~~\|25.4~~
−	\|}
−
−	~~"LOI: Lost On Ignition is material that is volatilized and driven off below ~100°C. It consists of organic matter and loosely bound water."~~

	[[category:Mineralogy]]		[[category:Mineralogy]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:05, 26 November 2021
Line 303:		Line 303:
	\|}		\|}

		+
		+	===Black Rock Playa, Nevada, USA<ref>Stephen Gillett (1997). Toward a Silicate-Based Molecular Nanotechnology. Retrieved 6 September 2019, from https://web.archive.org/web/20190906083332/https://foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gillett1/#Sec61</ref>===
		+	Table 2. Analyses of grab samples of miscellaneous "dirt" and mine tailings from selected locations in northwestern Nevada. Seems to indicate that the composition of the surface layer of the Black Rock Playa (BRP) in Nevada where Burning Man has been held, has similarities to Mars.
		+
		+	{\|
		+	\|Elements
		+	\|Name
		+	\|(%)
		+	\|-
		+	\|SiO<sub>2</sub>
		+	\|Silicon Dioxide
		+	\|43.1
		+	\|-
		+	\|Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
		+	\|Aluminum Oxide
		+	\|11.8
		+	\|-
		+	\|Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
		+	\|Iron(II) Oxide**
		+	\|5.32
		+	\|-
		+	\|CaO
		+	\|Calcium Oxide
		+	\|4.51
		+	\|-
		+	\|MgO
		+	\|Magnesium Oxide
		+	\|3.46
		+	\|-
		+	\|K<sub>2</sub>O
		+	\|Potassium Oxide
		+	\|2.82
		+	\|-
		+	\|Na<sub>2</sub>O
		+	\|Sodium Oxide
		+	\|2.29
		+	\|-
		+	\|TiO<sub>2</sub>
		+	\|Titanium Dioxide
		+	\|0.49
		+	\|-
		+	\|P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>
		+	\|Phosphorus Pentoxide
		+	\|0.19
		+	\|-
		+	\|MnO
		+	\|Manganese(II) oxide
		+	\|0.08
		+	\|-
		+	\|"LOI"
		+	\|Lost On Ignition
		+	\|25.4
		+	\|}
		+
		+	"LOI: Lost On Ignition is material that is volatilized and driven off below ~100°C. It consists of organic matter and loosely bound water."

	[[category:Mineralogy]]		[[category:Mineralogy]]

@@ Line 155: / Line 155: @@
 |34.5
 |43.5
 |-
 |Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
@@ Line 162: / Line 169: @@
 |18.5
 |23.3
 |-
 |TiO<sub>2</sub>
@@ Line 169: / Line 204: @@
 |3.0
 |3.8
 |-
 |MnO
@@ Line 183: / Line 211: @@
 |0.2
 |0.3
 |-
 |K<sub>2</sub>O
@@ Line 218: / Line 232: @@
 |0.7
 |0.9
 |-
 |Volatiles&nbsp;&nbsp;

@@ Line 129: / Line 129: @@
 Note: In the image SiO<sub>2</sub> and FeO values were divided by 10 to not overrun the boundaries of the image, and Ni, Zn, and Br were multiplied by 100 to be visible.
-===Viking Lander 1 &amp; 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil Simulant<ref>Carlton C. Allen, Karen M. Jager, Richard V. Morris, David J. Lindstrom, Marilyn M. Lindstrom, John P. Lockwood, ''Martian Soil Simulant Available for Scientific, Educational Study'', (EOS, TRANSACTIONS, AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION), Volume 79, Number 34, August 25 1998, pages 405-409, Table 1.</ref>===
+===Viking Lander 1 &amp; 2, Pathfinder, JSC Martian Soil Simulant<ref>Allen, C., Jager, K., Morris, R., Lindstrom, D., Lindstrom, M., & Lockwood, J. (1998). Martian soil stimulant available for scientific, educational study. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 79(34), 405-405. https://doi.org/10.1029/98eo00309</ref>===
 JSC Mars-1 is a simulated Martian soil developed for use in: scientific research, engineering studies, and education.
 {|

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Chemical composition of the soils on Mars is based upon the various data we have to date from Mars landers as well as SNC-meteorites believed to be from Mars. Different sites and sources contain different concentrations.
-===Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovers<ref>https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars Dec 3 2012</ref>===
+===Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity Rovers<ref>jpl.nasa.gov. 2012. Inspecting Soils Across Mars. [online] Available at: <https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/inspecting-soils-across-mars> [Accessed 18 October 2021].</ref>===
 Values estimated from a graph. Measurements provided by their Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS). Spirit data taken from 59 samples at Gusev Crater, Opportunity data taken from 23 samples at Meridiani Planum, Curiosity data taken from a sample inside a rover wheel scuff at Gale Crater.

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 |Opportunity&nbsp;&nbsp;
 |Curiosity
 |-
 |SiO<sub>2</sub>