Difference between revisions of "Embodied energy"

From Marspedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 1: Line 1:
 
Embodied energy<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy</ref> on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services.  It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.
 
Embodied energy<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy</ref> on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services.  It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.
  
 +
== In common materials[edit] (from Wikipedia, needs to be adapted to Mars) ==
 +
Selected data from the Inventory of Carbon and Energy ('ICE') prepared by the University of Bath (UK)
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable"
 +
!'''Material'''
 +
!'''Energy''' MJ per kg
 +
!'''Carbon''' kg CO
 +
2 per kg
 +
!'''Density''' kg /m<sup>3</sup>
 +
|-
 +
|Aggregate
 +
|0.083
 +
|0.0048
 +
|2240
 +
|-
 +
|Concrete (1:1.5:3)
 +
|1.11
 +
|0.159
 +
|2400
 +
|-
 +
|Bricks (common)
 +
|3
 +
|0.24
 +
|1700
 +
|-
 +
|Concrete block (Medium density)
 +
|0.67
 +
|0.073
 +
|1450
 +
|-
 +
|Aerated block
 +
|3.5
 +
|0.3
 +
|750
 +
|-
 +
|Limestone block
 +
|0.85
 +
|
 +
|2180
 +
|-
 +
|Marble
 +
|2
 +
|0.116
 +
|2500
 +
|-
 +
|Cement mortar (1:3)
 +
|1.33
 +
|0.208
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Steel (general, av. recycled content)
 +
|20.1
 +
|1.37
 +
|7800
 +
|-
 +
|Stainless steel
 +
|56.7
 +
|6.15
 +
|7850
 +
|-
 +
|Timber (general, excludes sequestration)
 +
|8.5
 +
|0.46
 +
|480–720
 +
|-
 +
|Glue laminated timber
 +
|12
 +
|0.87
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Cellulose insulation (loose fill)
 +
|0.94–3.3
 +
|
 +
|43
 +
|-
 +
|Cork insulation
 +
|26
 +
|
 +
|160
 +
|-
 +
|Glass fibre insulation (glass wool)
 +
|28
 +
|1.35
 +
|12
 +
|-
 +
|Flax insulation
 +
|39.5
 +
|1.7
 +
|30
 +
|-
 +
|Rockwool (slab)
 +
|16.8
 +
|1.05
 +
|24
 +
|-
 +
|Expanded Polystyrene insulation
 +
|88.6
 +
|2.55
 +
|15–30
 +
|-
 +
|Polyurethane insulation (rigid foam)
 +
|101.5
 +
|3.48
 +
|30
 +
|-
 +
|Wool (recycled) insulation
 +
|20.9
 +
|
 +
|25
 +
|-
 +
|Straw bale
 +
|0.91
 +
|
 +
|100–110
 +
|-
 +
|Mineral fibre roofing tile
 +
|37
 +
|2.7
 +
|1850
 +
|-
 +
|Slate
 +
|0.1–1.0
 +
|0.006–0.058
 +
|1600
 +
|-
 +
|Clay tile
 +
|6.5
 +
|0.45
 +
|1900
 +
|-
 +
|Aluminium (general & incl 33% recycled)
 +
|155
 +
|8.24
 +
|2700
 +
|-
 +
|Bitumen (general)
 +
|51
 +
|0.38–0.43
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Medium-density fibreboard
 +
|11
 +
|0.72
 +
|680–760
 +
|-
 +
|Plywood
 +
|15
 +
|1.07
 +
|540–700
 +
|-
 +
|Plasterboard
 +
|6.75
 +
|0.38
 +
|800
 +
|-
 +
|Gypsum plaster
 +
|1.8
 +
|0.12
 +
|1120
 +
|-
 +
|Glass
 +
|15
 +
|0.85
 +
|2500
 +
|-
 +
|PVC (general)
 +
|77.2
 +
|2.41
 +
|1380
 +
|-
 +
|Vinyl flooring
 +
|65.64
 +
|2.92
 +
|1200
 +
|-
 +
|Terrazzo tiles
 +
|1.4
 +
|0.12
 +
|1750
 +
|-
 +
|Ceramic tiles
 +
|12
 +
|0.74
 +
|2000
 +
|-
 +
|Wool carpet
 +
|106
 +
|5.53
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Wallpaper
 +
|36.4
 +
|1.93
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Vitrified clay pipe (DN 500)
 +
|7.9
 +
|0.52
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Iron (general)
 +
|25
 +
|1.91
 +
|7870
 +
|-
 +
|Copper (average incl. 37% recycled)
 +
|42
 +
|2.6
 +
|8600
 +
|-
 +
|Lead (incl 61% recycled)
 +
|25.21
 +
|1.57
 +
|11340
 +
|-
 +
|Ceramic sanitary ware
 +
|29
 +
|1.51
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Paint - Water-borne
 +
|59
 +
|2.12
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Paint - Solvent-borne
 +
|97
 +
|3.13
 +
|
 +
|}
 +
Plastics, for example, have a high value of embodied energy and therefore are not the best choices for construction materials, of other choices are available.
 +
 +
Aluminium requires much more energy than Steel or iron and therefore is less likely to be used for construction on Mars.
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|'''Photovoltaic (PV) Cells Type'''
 +
|Energy MJ per m<sup>2</sup>
 +
|Carbon kg CO
 +
2 per m<sup>2</sup>
 +
|-
 +
|Monocrystalline (average)
 +
|4750
 +
|242
 +
|-
 +
|Polycrystalline (average)
 +
|4070
 +
|208
 +
|-
 +
|Thin film (average)
 +
|1305
 +
|67
 +
|}
 +
PV cells require very high amounts of energy to manufacture and are likely to be more economical to transport from earth in the earlier stages of a colony.
 +
 +
== References ==
 
<references />
 
<references />

Revision as of 16:10, 7 April 2019

Embodied energy[1] on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services. It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.

In common materials[edit] (from Wikipedia, needs to be adapted to Mars)

Selected data from the Inventory of Carbon and Energy ('ICE') prepared by the University of Bath (UK)

Material Energy MJ per kg Carbon kg CO

2 per kg

Density kg /m3
Aggregate 0.083 0.0048 2240
Concrete (1:1.5:3) 1.11 0.159 2400
Bricks (common) 3 0.24 1700
Concrete block (Medium density) 0.67 0.073 1450
Aerated block 3.5 0.3 750
Limestone block 0.85 2180
Marble 2 0.116 2500
Cement mortar (1:3) 1.33 0.208
Steel (general, av. recycled content) 20.1 1.37 7800
Stainless steel 56.7 6.15 7850
Timber (general, excludes sequestration) 8.5 0.46 480–720
Glue laminated timber 12 0.87
Cellulose insulation (loose fill) 0.94–3.3 43
Cork insulation 26 160
Glass fibre insulation (glass wool) 28 1.35 12
Flax insulation 39.5 1.7 30
Rockwool (slab) 16.8 1.05 24
Expanded Polystyrene insulation 88.6 2.55 15–30
Polyurethane insulation (rigid foam) 101.5 3.48 30
Wool (recycled) insulation 20.9 25
Straw bale 0.91 100–110
Mineral fibre roofing tile 37 2.7 1850
Slate 0.1–1.0 0.006–0.058 1600
Clay tile 6.5 0.45 1900
Aluminium (general & incl 33% recycled) 155 8.24 2700
Bitumen (general) 51 0.38–0.43
Medium-density fibreboard 11 0.72 680–760
Plywood 15 1.07 540–700
Plasterboard 6.75 0.38 800
Gypsum plaster 1.8 0.12 1120
Glass 15 0.85 2500
PVC (general) 77.2 2.41 1380
Vinyl flooring 65.64 2.92 1200
Terrazzo tiles 1.4 0.12 1750
Ceramic tiles 12 0.74 2000
Wool carpet 106 5.53
Wallpaper 36.4 1.93
Vitrified clay pipe (DN 500) 7.9 0.52
Iron (general) 25 1.91 7870
Copper (average incl. 37% recycled) 42 2.6 8600
Lead (incl 61% recycled) 25.21 1.57 11340
Ceramic sanitary ware 29 1.51
Paint - Water-borne 59 2.12
Paint - Solvent-borne 97 3.13

Plastics, for example, have a high value of embodied energy and therefore are not the best choices for construction materials, of other choices are available.

Aluminium requires much more energy than Steel or iron and therefore is less likely to be used for construction on Mars.

Photovoltaic (PV) Cells Type Energy MJ per m2 Carbon kg CO

2 per m2

Monocrystalline (average) 4750 242
Polycrystalline (average) 4070 208
Thin film (average) 1305 67

PV cells require very high amounts of energy to manufacture and are likely to be more economical to transport from earth in the earlier stages of a colony.

References

  1. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy
Retrieved from "https://marspedia.org/index.php?title=Embodied_energy&oldid=129211"