Difference between revisions of "Embodied energy"

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Embodied energy<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy</ref> on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services.  It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.
 
Embodied energy<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy</ref> on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services.  It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.
  
−
== In common materials[edit] (from Wikipedia, needs to be adapted to Mars) ==
+
==In common materials[edit] (from Wikipedia, needs to be adapted to Mars)==
 
Selected data from the Inventory of Carbon and Energy ('ICE') prepared by the University of Bath (UK)  
 
Selected data from the Inventory of Carbon and Energy ('ICE') prepared by the University of Bath (UK)  
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
Line 9: Line 9:
 
2 per kg
 
2 per kg
 
!'''Density''' kg /m<sup>3</sup>
 
!'''Density''' kg /m<sup>3</sup>
 +
!Mars notes
 +
|-
 +
|Water
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|Melting or condensing from atmosphere
 +
|-
 +
|Compressed Regolith Blocks (CRB)
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|to be determined
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Aggregate
 
|Aggregate
Line 14: Line 27:
 
|0.0048
 
|0.0048
 
|2240
 
|2240
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Concrete (1:1.5:3)
 
|Concrete (1:1.5:3)
Line 19: Line 33:
 
|0.159
 
|0.159
 
|2400
 
|2400
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bricks (common)
 
|Bricks (common)
Line 24: Line 39:
 
|0.24
 
|0.24
 
|1700
 
|1700
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Concrete block (Medium density)
 
|Concrete block (Medium density)
Line 29: Line 45:
 
|0.073
 
|0.073
 
|1450
 
|1450
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Aerated block
 
|Aerated block
Line 34: Line 51:
 
|0.3
 
|0.3
 
|750
 
|750
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Limestone block
 
|Limestone block
Line 39: Line 57:
 
|
 
|
 
|2180
 
|2180
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Marble
 
|Marble
Line 44: Line 63:
 
|0.116
 
|0.116
 
|2500
 
|2500
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cement mortar (1:3)
 
|Cement mortar (1:3)
 
|1.33
 
|1.33
 
|0.208
 
|0.208
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 54: Line 75:
 
|1.37
 
|1.37
 
|7800
 
|7800
 +
|From Iron, does this include iron production?
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Stainless steel
 
|Stainless steel
Line 59: Line 81:
 
|6.15
 
|6.15
 
|7850
 
|7850
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Timber (general, excludes sequestration)
 
|Timber (general, excludes sequestration)
Line 64: Line 87:
 
|0.46
 
|0.46
 
|480–720
 
|480–720
 +
|Unlikely at first
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Glue laminated timber
 
|Glue laminated timber
 
|12
 
|12
 
|0.87
 
|0.87
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 74: Line 99:
 
|
 
|
 
|43
 
|43
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cork insulation
 
|Cork insulation
Line 79: Line 105:
 
|
 
|
 
|160
 
|160
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Glass fibre insulation (glass wool)
 
|Glass fibre insulation (glass wool)
Line 84: Line 111:
 
|1.35
 
|1.35
 
|12
 
|12
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Flax insulation
 
|Flax insulation
Line 89: Line 117:
 
|1.7
 
|1.7
 
|30
 
|30
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Rockwool (slab)
 
|Rockwool (slab)
Line 94: Line 123:
 
|1.05
 
|1.05
 
|24
 
|24
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Expanded Polystyrene insulation
 
|Expanded Polystyrene insulation
Line 99: Line 129:
 
|2.55
 
|2.55
 
|15–30
 
|15–30
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Polyurethane insulation (rigid foam)
 
|Polyurethane insulation (rigid foam)
Line 104: Line 135:
 
|3.48
 
|3.48
 
|30
 
|30
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Wool (recycled) insulation
 
|Wool (recycled) insulation
Line 109: Line 141:
 
|
 
|
 
|25
 
|25
 +
|Probably more expensive on Mars
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Straw bale
 
|Straw bale
Line 114: Line 147:
 
|
 
|
 
|100–110
 
|100–110
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mineral fibre roofing tile
 
|Mineral fibre roofing tile
Line 119: Line 153:
 
|2.7
 
|2.7
 
|1850
 
|1850
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Slate
 
|Slate
Line 124: Line 159:
 
|0.006–0.058
 
|0.006–0.058
 
|1600
 
|1600
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Clay tile
 
|Clay tile
Line 129: Line 165:
 
|0.45
 
|0.45
 
|1900
 
|1900
 +
|Clay deposits are available
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Aluminium (general & incl 33% recycled)
 
|Aluminium (general & incl 33% recycled)
Line 134: Line 171:
 
|8.24
 
|8.24
 
|2700
 
|2700
 +
|Alumina is common
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bitumen (general)
 
|Bitumen (general)
Line 139: Line 177:
 
|0.38–0.43
 
|0.38–0.43
 
|
 
|
 +
|Non existent on Mars
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Medium-density fibreboard
 
|Medium-density fibreboard
Line 144: Line 183:
 
|0.72
 
|0.72
 
|680–760
 
|680–760
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Plywood
 
|Plywood
Line 149: Line 189:
 
|1.07
 
|1.07
 
|540–700
 
|540–700
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Plasterboard
 
|Plasterboard
Line 154: Line 195:
 
|0.38
 
|0.38
 
|800
 
|800
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Gypsum plaster
 
|Gypsum plaster
Line 159: Line 201:
 
|0.12
 
|0.12
 
|1120
 
|1120
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Glass
 
|Glass
Line 164: Line 207:
 
|0.85
 
|0.85
 
|2500
 
|2500
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|PVC (general)
 
|PVC (general)
Line 169: Line 213:
 
|2.41
 
|2.41
 
|1380
 
|1380
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Vinyl flooring
 
|Vinyl flooring
Line 174: Line 219:
 
|2.92
 
|2.92
 
|1200
 
|1200
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Terrazzo tiles
 
|Terrazzo tiles
Line 179: Line 225:
 
|0.12
 
|0.12
 
|1750
 
|1750
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ceramic tiles
 
|Ceramic tiles
Line 184: Line 231:
 
|0.74
 
|0.74
 
|2000
 
|2000
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Wool carpet
 
|Wool carpet
 
|106
 
|106
 
|5.53
 
|5.53
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 193: Line 242:
 
|36.4
 
|36.4
 
|1.93
 
|1.93
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 199: Line 249:
 
|0.52
 
|0.52
 
|
 
|
 +
|Might be interesting for many uses
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Iron (general)
 
|Iron (general)
Line 204: Line 255:
 
|1.91
 
|1.91
 
|7870
 
|7870
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Copper (average incl. 37% recycled)
 
|Copper (average incl. 37% recycled)
Line 209: Line 261:
 
|2.6
 
|2.6
 
|8600
 
|8600
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lead (incl 61% recycled)
 
|Lead (incl 61% recycled)
Line 214: Line 267:
 
|1.57
 
|1.57
 
|11340
 
|11340
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ceramic sanitary ware
 
|Ceramic sanitary ware
 
|29
 
|29
 
|1.51
 
|1.51
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 223: Line 278:
 
|59
 
|59
 
|2.12
 
|2.12
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
Line 228: Line 284:
 
|97
 
|97
 
|3.13
 
|3.13
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
Line 254: Line 311:
 
PV cells require very high amounts of energy to manufacture and are likely to be more economical to transport from earth in the earlier stages of a colony.
 
PV cells require very high amounts of energy to manufacture and are likely to be more economical to transport from earth in the earlier stages of a colony.
  
−
== References ==
+
==References==
 
<references />
 
<references />

Revision as of 16:19, 7 April 2019

Embodied energy[1] on Mars is the measure of all the energy required for the preparation of products or services. It allows for a useful comparison of various materials in the design of martian habitats.

In common materials[edit] (from Wikipedia, needs to be adapted to Mars)

Selected data from the Inventory of Carbon and Energy ('ICE') prepared by the University of Bath (UK)

Material Energy MJ per kg Carbon kg CO

2 per kg

Density kg /m3 Mars notes
Water Melting or condensing from atmosphere
Compressed Regolith Blocks (CRB) to be determined
Aggregate 0.083 0.0048 2240
Concrete (1:1.5:3) 1.11 0.159 2400
Bricks (common) 3 0.24 1700
Concrete block (Medium density) 0.67 0.073 1450
Aerated block 3.5 0.3 750
Limestone block 0.85 2180
Marble 2 0.116 2500
Cement mortar (1:3) 1.33 0.208
Steel (general, av. recycled content) 20.1 1.37 7800 From Iron, does this include iron production?
Stainless steel 56.7 6.15 7850
Timber (general, excludes sequestration) 8.5 0.46 480–720 Unlikely at first
Glue laminated timber 12 0.87
Cellulose insulation (loose fill) 0.94–3.3 43
Cork insulation 26 160
Glass fibre insulation (glass wool) 28 1.35 12
Flax insulation 39.5 1.7 30
Rockwool (slab) 16.8 1.05 24
Expanded Polystyrene insulation 88.6 2.55 15–30
Polyurethane insulation (rigid foam) 101.5 3.48 30
Wool (recycled) insulation 20.9 25 Probably more expensive on Mars
Straw bale 0.91 100–110
Mineral fibre roofing tile 37 2.7 1850
Slate 0.1–1.0 0.006–0.058 1600
Clay tile 6.5 0.45 1900 Clay deposits are available
Aluminium (general & incl 33% recycled) 155 8.24 2700 Alumina is common
Bitumen (general) 51 0.38–0.43 Non existent on Mars
Medium-density fibreboard 11 0.72 680–760
Plywood 15 1.07 540–700
Plasterboard 6.75 0.38 800
Gypsum plaster 1.8 0.12 1120
Glass 15 0.85 2500
PVC (general) 77.2 2.41 1380
Vinyl flooring 65.64 2.92 1200
Terrazzo tiles 1.4 0.12 1750
Ceramic tiles 12 0.74 2000
Wool carpet 106 5.53
Wallpaper 36.4 1.93
Vitrified clay pipe (DN 500) 7.9 0.52 Might be interesting for many uses
Iron (general) 25 1.91 7870
Copper (average incl. 37% recycled) 42 2.6 8600
Lead (incl 61% recycled) 25.21 1.57 11340
Ceramic sanitary ware 29 1.51
Paint - Water-borne 59 2.12
Paint - Solvent-borne 97 3.13

Plastics, for example, have a high value of embodied energy and therefore are not the best choices for construction materials, of other choices are available.

Aluminium requires much more energy than Steel or iron and therefore is less likely to be used for construction on Mars.

Photovoltaic (PV) Cells Type Energy MJ per m2 Carbon kg CO

2 per m2

Monocrystalline (average) 4750 242
Polycrystalline (average) 4070 208
Thin film (average) 1305 67

PV cells require very high amounts of energy to manufacture and are likely to be more economical to transport from earth in the earlier stages of a colony.

References

  1. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy
Retrieved from "https://marspedia.org/index.php?title=Embodied_energy&oldid=129213"