Crew 1a - Crew Reports

February 7, 2002

Commander's Inaugural Dispatch (Robert Zubrin)

Log Book for February 7, 2002

Dispatch from Mars Base Utah

Robert Zubrin Reporting

After months of delays, the Mars Desert Research Station finally went operational today. A lot of things are still balky, the satellite communication system is behaving erratically, much of the internal network doesn't work, and there is a problem with one of the water pumps. But we have a completed and fully provisioned station, a fairly well equipped lab, a good power system, five functioning spacesuit simulators, three good ATV's, sufficient satellite and local UHF com capabilities to function, and a highly qualified crew that is willing to do what it takes to push through. So today we began.

The MDRS is the second Mars analog research station built and operated by the Mars Society in remote areas. The first was the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station, which started work on Canada's Devon Island last summer. This one is located in the desert west of Hanksville, Utah, amid several hundred square miles of unvegetated, uninhabited land. The landscape is composed largely of red Jurassic sedimentary rocks, that look as much like Mars as one could desire, and whose varied geology provides an excellent target for Mars exploration operations research.

For the next 3 months our station will operate here with varied crews in a series of 2-week rotations. What we will attempt to do is conduct a sustained program of field research into the geology, paleontology, microbiology, etc, of the area while working in the same style and under many of the same constraints as humans will have to do when they explore Mars. For example, crew members will wear elaborate spacesuit simulators whenever they go outside. These suits limit their mobility, dexterity, agility, endurance, and ability to see and hear in much the same way that an actual spacesuit would. Our communication with the outside world is through a (currently rather balky) satellite link to Mars Society Mission Support in Denver. Together with the virtual back-room of science experts that Mission Support can muster, the crew must do the analysis of the samples collected in the station's lab, repair and maintain their equipment, and handle the reportage and chores of daily life.

This is not the optimal way to do field science, so we don't expect to make many original discoveries about the Utah desert. But, while we are trying to do quality natural science, natural science per-se is not our objective. Instead, we are using the search for knowledge about the surrounding desert in much the same way as a marksman uses a paper practice target; his goal is not to put holes in the target - that could be easily accomplished by stabbing the target paper with a screwdriver. Rather, he is using the target as an aid in learning how to shoot. It is the same with us. By attempting to produce the maximum science return we can while operating under Mars mission type constraints, we hope to start learning how to effectively explore on Mars.

This first season will last three months. Before it is over we plan to conduct underground searches for water with electromagnetic sounding equipment, ground penetrating radar, and possibly seismic devices. These are essential tasks that humans will need to do on Mars. We will operate a closed-loop ecological life support system to recycle the water of the station, and we will see not only whether or not such a system works, but whether it is a morale booster or a fatal drain on crew time. We will do both intensive pedestrian exploration near the hab and motorized exploration at long distances from the base. We may, as we did last summer in the Arctic, be able to implement combined human-robot exploration operations to test which tactics work and which do not. What kind of robots or other tools do we really want to have on Mars to assist human explorers? This is a key question. The most important step in any engineering design process is to define the requirements. It does no good to design and build a superbly engineered system if it is the wrong system to do the job that needs to be done. That's why operations research of the type we will do here is so important.

We made a start doing this kind of work with our Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station. But Mars simulation operations on Devon Island are extremely expensive, and realistically, are only possible during the summer months. With the opening the Mars Desert Research Station, however, research operations will now be possible nearly year-round. This will allow a much larger quantity and variety of investigations to go forward.

The first crew coming from various locations, met each other for the first time in Hanksville this morning. We then drove out to the hab together. Our team includes Steve McDaniel and Troy Wegman, both biologists. Steve is a PhD turned attorney, who works with the Texas Technology Litigators firm. Troy does microscopy for the Mayo Clinic. There are also two women: Jennifer Heldmann a planetary geology PhD student from the University of Colorado, and Heather Chluda, and aerospace engineer who works on the Space Shuttle program at Boeing-Rocketdyne. Finally the crew is rounded out by Frank Schubert, the Project Manager, who works as an architect, and me, an astronautical engineer. I'm in command, but only for a week. After that I will be rotated out and replaced by Tony Muscatello, a chemist who leads Mars Society Mission Support. Frank will also leave after a week to be replaced by Professor de Wet, a geologist from Franklin and Marshall University. Everyone else will stay for the full two weeks, after which another 2-week long volunteer crew will take their places.

We got to the station around mid morning and worked together as a team hauling in the lab equipment and the provisions for the season, and following that, cleaning the place up. Then, while Steve and Troy set up the biology lab, Frank fixed various things, Heather and Jennifer programmed our mobile weather station, and I labored, with only partial success, to get the Starband satellite dish to work. I can see why these things aren't very popular. Believe me, if you have a DSL line, a cable modem, or a copper telephone line for that matter, don't get a satellite dish. These gadgets are finicky. Sometimes they work fast, sometimes very slow, sometimes they lose link in the middle of a transmission and you have to start all over again.

But then again, the communication links from Mars won't always be so great. We'll fix it if we can, live with it if we have to.

We start field operations tomorrow.

February 8, 2002

Commander's Journal (Robert Zubrin)

Log Book for February 8, 2002 Commander's Journal Robert Zubrin Reporting

We initiated EVA exploration operations today. The team was all first timers – Heather Jennifer, and Troy. They did a great job, and filed an excellent report. With their permission, it is reproduced below. It conveys an excellent idea of the things we do on our EVA excursions.Back at the hab, however, the day was hardly uneventful. We had a wind storm. While our weather station was unfortunately not yet operational, a conservative estimate was that it was blowing at least 60 knots. Part of the dome of the hab almost broke free and the greenhouse tried to take off for Kansas, and Frank, Steve, and I had to break sim to deal with it. The aim of the roof-mounted satellite dish was also disrupted, causing us to lose internet communication capability until evening. The most violent part of the storm was fairly brief, so that after the chaos subsided we resumed contact with the EVA team using our local repeaters. Frequently, however, the background noise caused by the wind blowing around their helmets made them difficult to understand and made it hard for them to hear us. When we would get their reports, we would repeat the essence of it, twice, and then ask “Is that correct. Please respond affirmative, affirmative, affirmative or negative, negative, negative.” That’s what it took to distinguish between yes and no.

There are sometimes very high winds on Mars. Because the atmosphere is only 1% as dense as that of the Earth, however, a 100 miles an hour gale on Mars only packs as much force as a 10 mile per hour breeze on Earth. So astronauts won’t have to deal with flying greenhouses. But the storm will still make plenty of noise. So today was an interesting test.Anyway here’s the EVA team’s report. My favorite part is the delightfully understated two-line section that reads; “Weather conditions today were generally favorable. High winds were encountered which made operations more challenging.”It must have been a blast.

Biology Report (Steve McDaniel)

EVA Report (Crew 1)