Carbonyl

A Carbonyl is a subsection of a molecule which contains a Carbon atom linked with a double covalent bond to an Oxygen atom. The carbon has two more open valence electrons, to combine with other atoms. (Often radical groups.)

In organic chemistry, the following types of compounds have carbonyl groups: Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acids, Carboxylate esters, Amides, Enones, Acycl halides, Acid anhydrides, and Imide groups.

See this page for the wiki article on Carbonyls

For Mars exploration, we are most interested in Carbon monoxide carbonyls with metals, which can be used for reducing ores, or 3D metal printing, see Metal carbonyl for more information.

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