Financial effort estimation
This page is a collection of Financial effort estimations. It covers all planning, preperations, material, transport, administration, etc.
Contents
Systematics
There are several stages that can be calculated separately:
- Transportation from Earth to Earth's orbit
- Transportation from Earth's orbit to Mars' orbit
- Transportation from Earth's orbit to Mars' surface
- Transportation from Earth's orbit to Earth's moon
- Transportation from Earth's moon to Mars' orbit
- Transportation from Earth's moon to Mars' surface
Cost per kg from Earth to Low earth orbit (unmanned)
Small launch vehicles (less than 2300kg): [1]
- USA, Athena 2 (2065kg to LEO): $11622 per kg
- Russia, Cosmos (1500kg to LEO): $8667 per kg
- USA, Pegasus XL (443kg to LEO): $30474 per kg
- Russia, Rockot (1850kg to LEO): $7297 per kg
- Russia, Shtil (430kg to LEO): $465 per kg
- Russia, START (632kg to LEO): $11687 per kg
- USA, Taurus (1380kg to LEO) $13768 per kg
- USA, Falcon 1e (430 to LEO) $1010 per kg
Medium launch vehicles (less than 12000kg):
- Europe, Ariane 44L (10200kg to LEO): $11029 per kg (last launch 2003)
- USA, Atlas 2AS (8618kg to LEO): $11314 per kg
- USA, Delta 2 (5144kg to LEO): $10692 per kg
- Russia, Dnepr (4400kg to LEO): $3409 per kg
- China, Long March 2C (3200kg to LEO): $7031 per kg
- China, Long March 2E (9200kg to LEO): $5435 per kg
- Russia, Soyuz (7000kg to LEO): $5357 per kg
- USA, Falcon 9 (10450Kg to LEO) $4775 per kg first launch 2010
Heavy launch vehicles (more than 12000kg):
- Europe, Ariane 5G(18000kg to LEO): $9167 per kg
- China, Long March 3B(13600kg to LEO): $4412 per kg
- Russia, Proton(19760kg to LEO): $4302 per kg
- USA, Space Shuttle(28803kg to LEO): $10416 per kg ( lasts launchs 2011-2012)
- Ukraine, Zenit 2(13740kg to LEO): $3093 per kg
- Multinational, Zenit 3SL(15876kg to LEO: $5354 per kg
- USA, Falcon 9 Heavy (32000Kg to LEO) $2968 per kg (still in devellopement )
super heavy ( saturn V class )
- USA, SLS ( after space shuttle withdrawal) (70 000Kg to 130 0000Kg to LEO) work in progress
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Cost estimations in existing publications
- NewScientist 2004: "A human mission to Mars is expected to cost $40 billion to $80 billion."
- MARS DAILY 2007: "U.S. experts estimate the cost of a manned mission to Mars at $500 billion. Russia believes it can place cosmonauts on the planet's surface in the next 12 years for just $14 billion, ..."
- Mars direct was estimated by NASA to be $55 billion
These huge differences are the result of different mission targets - simple mission of flying to Mars and back (plans by Roskosmos (Russia) - similar to lunar Apollo program) is far more cheaper than permanent setlement or even NASA expediture mission (staying 90 days or about year). Expensivness of current NASA mission plans mostly comes from the fact, that they includes LEO, Moon base stages with 3+ subsequential flies to Mars, with manned ~600 day stay.
