Foundation of an Autonomous Colony
The Foundation of an Autonomous Colony on another cosmic body is one of the most challenging tasks for humanity. Though it requires enormous effort, the effort to expand the influence of mankind throughout the Solar System is worthwhile enough.
Preparations
Bringing down Phobos helps to make Mars safe for the long term.
Basic habitats, supplies and equipment for a long term stay is deposited on Mars' surface. The equipment is technologically sufficient to allow the colonists to grow their own food, build new habitats etc.
The Departure
The transportation of colonists is the most complicated part. Health threats or even death during the journey is hard to avoid. See also: Solar Radiation, Cosmic Radiation, Meteorites
Organizational Issues
In a small group of colonists a daily council of all members is held. In a growing community some kind of representative democracy becomes necessary. See also: Democracy On Mars.