Graphite
Graphite is a form of high-purity carbon which occurs on Earth as a mineral. It can also be artificially produced from silicon carbide.
Coke and charcoal are not as pure as graphite because, while the carbonizing process does boil off volatiles in their production, non-volatile ash remains.
Physical characteristics
Graphite has a hardness of 1 to 2 on Mohs' scale, a black streak, a lustre varying from metallic to dull and earthy, a hexagonal crystal system and specific gravity between 2.1 and 2.23.[1]
Occurence
Graphite occurs on Earth in igneous and metamorphic rock, sometimes as metamorphosed coal. It can also be found in limestone. Some meteorites contain graphite.
Uses
- Refractory
- Graphene production
- Carbon nanotube production
Open issues
- How common are graphitic rocks on Mars?
- How common are graphite-containing meteorites on Mars?
References
- ↑ B. Cairncross - Field guide to rocks and minerals of Southern Africa 2004. ISBN 978-1-86872-985-2 p. 123
