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• Igneous rock
  Most of the surface of Mars is covered by basalt rock. It flowed onto the surface; therefore would be considered an extrusi **[[Basalt]]
  1 KB (226 words) - 08:52, 25 August 2021
• Wear lifespan
  basalt digging, time before the cutting tool must be replaced *How many m³ of basalt can be processed by [[digging machine]]s before the cutting tool must be re
  3 KB (418 words) - 13:49, 17 December 2018
• ISRU timeline
  |Basalt
  2 KB (221 words) - 12:29, 29 October 2019
• Compressed regolith
  ...r was found to be Nano sized iron oxide particles, while the main fill was basalt.
  1 KB (214 words) - 12:15, 14 December 2020
• Glass
  '''Basalt Glass Fibres''' Basalt Fibres are a potential strong building material on Mars. Similar to fibreg
  4 KB (610 words) - 02:14, 10 April 2024
• Noctis Labyrinthus
  ...into large boulders or blocks are thought to be formed from hard rock like basalt from the many volcanoes on the planet. In many places, however, the layers ...ones that contain large boulders probably were deposited as lava flows of basalt.
  5 KB (770 words) - 06:38, 23 March 2020
• Olympus Mons
  ...p.736-739, doi: 10.1126/science.1165871. </ref> <ref>"Mars Crust : Made of Basalt" http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/May09/Mars.Basaltic.Crust.html</ref>
  5 KB (853 words) - 20:54, 20 August 2021
• Gusev Crater
  ...clase, olivine, pyroxene, and magnetite. The rocks look like fine-grained basalt with irregular holes (geologists would say they have vesicles and vugs).<r
  6 KB (917 words) - 19:04, 8 January 2020
• Spirit
  ...olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite, and resemble the volcanic basalt as they are fine-grained with irregular holes (geologists would say they ha ...ph Mars.jpg|First color picture from Gusev crater. Rocks were found to be basalt. Everything was covered with a fine dust that ''Spirit'' determined was ma
  15 KB (2,283 words) - 14:41, 9 February 2019
• Surface composition
  Rock formations on the surface are primarily composed of basalt - a consequence of the extensive lava flows that once existed as a result o There is also evidence the Martian surface may be more silica-rich than the basalt created by lava flows, similar to [[exd:andesitic|andesitic]] rocks found o
  5 KB (782 words) - 17:06, 25 November 2021
• Alumina
  ...such as Feldspar. Aluminium is also a component of volcanic rocks such as basalt.
  4 KB (532 words) - 20:36, 25 May 2021
• Regolith
  |Basalt
  4 KB (521 words) - 08:50, 4 November 2020
• Minerals
  ...n of lava. These include plagioclase feldspar, pyroxenes and olivine (all basalt based minerals). Magnetite has been found. Opportunity found what is likel
  4 KB (643 words) - 10:47, 2 May 2024
• Fretted terrain
  ...ost of the Martian surface which is covered with the igneous rock basalt. Basalt breaks into boulders and eventually into sand. It is thought that when plat
  10 KB (1,447 words) - 11:21, 8 January 2024
• Concrete
  *Composite basalt fiber rebar is available on Earth, but problems with installation may reduc
  5 KB (711 words) - 14:29, 3 October 2022
• The beauty of Mars from 150 miles
  ...out slight differences. Dunes are made of the black volcanic rock basalt. Basalt does not always have the same exact composition. Slight amounts of certain ...out slight differences. Dunes are made of the black volcanic rock basalt. Basalt does not always have the same exact composition. Slight amounts of certain
  17 KB (2,665 words) - 07:46, 30 March 2024
• Brick
  ...ls and found that the tiny iron particles coat the simulant's bigger rocky basalt particles. The iron particles have clean, flat facets that easily bind to o
  5 KB (813 words) - 07:24, 11 March 2024
• Iapygia quadrangle
  ...ome dark sand is found on Hawaii which also has many volcanoes discharging basalt. Barchan is a Russian term because this type of dune was first seen in the
  20 KB (3,015 words) - 06:56, 20 April 2024
• Layers on Mars
  File:Layered area with faults ESP 26270 1820.jpg|Layers Dark parts are basalt sand that has settled on horizonal surfaces. This image was named HiRISE p ...iew of layers. Light brown is from dust falling from sky. Dark parts are basalt sand that has settled on horizonal surfaces. This image was named HiRISE p
  19 KB (2,816 words) - 10:23, 2 January 2024
• Eridania quadrangle
  ...ome dark sand is found on Hawaii which also has many volcanoes discharging basalt. Barchan is a Russian term because this type of dune was first seen in the ...61dunes.jpg|600pxr|Dark dunes Dark dunes are composed of the igneous rock basalt. The dark box in the center of the photo shows the area enlarged in the ne
  28 KB (4,220 words) - 06:09, 17 April 2024
• Viking 2
  ...ypical weathering products of mafic igneous rocks. The dark, igneous rock basalt is believed to make up much of the surface of Mars, as it does for the Eart ...could be magnetite and maghemite. These could come from the weathering of basalt rock.<ref>Hargraves, R. et al. 1976. Viking Magnetic Properties Investigat
  16 KB (2,517 words) - 16:08, 8 February 2019
• InSight Mission
  ...basalt layer is of Amazonian age--about 1.7 billion years old. The lower basalt layer is of Hesperian age (3.6 billion years old).<ref>https://scitechdaily
  27 KB (4,155 words) - 06:44, 1 January 2024
• Elysium quadrangle
  ...d terrain. The surface of this terrain has been suggested to be pack ice, basalt lava, or muddy flows. HiRISE images show the heights of the surface ridges ...to their hardness. These boulders are probably made of the volcanic rock basalt since it is hard and is widespread on Mars. Some layers may be caused by r
  18 KB (2,848 words) - 16:04, 24 December 2023
• Lunae Palus quadrangle
  ...could be magnetite and maghemite. These could come from the weathering of basalt rock.<ref>Hargraves, R. et al. 1976. Viking Magnetic Properties Investigat
  19 KB (2,910 words) - 17:58, 24 December 2023
• Transverse Aeolian ridges (TARs)
  ...hile TARs and dunes both seem to be composed of the dark volcanic mineral basalt.
  8 KB (1,111 words) - 05:29, 10 September 2022
• Opportunity
  .... Science: 306. 1723-1726.</ref> Most of the soil consisted of olivine basalt sands that did not come from the local rocks. The sand was probably transp ...</ref> Minerals in the rocks could have originated by acid weathering of basalt. If there were acid-rich fluids, it would be more difficult for life to ha
  21 KB (3,231 words) - 07:10, 7 January 2020
• Margaritifer Sinus quadrangle
  .... Science: 306. 1723-1726.</ref> Most of the soil consisted of olivine basalt sands that did not come from the local rocks. The sand was probably transp ...</ref> Minerals in the rocks could have originated by acid weathering of basalt. If there were acid-rich fluids, it would be more difficult for life to ha
  38 KB (5,857 words) - 15:46, 24 December 2023
• Syrtis Major quadrangle
  ...s of igneous rocks have been found there with orbiting spacecraft. Besides basalt, dacite and granite have been found there. Dacite originates under volcanoe ...wind blowing dust around. Sometimes, fine bright dust settles on the dark basalt rock making the surface appear lighter, at other times the light-toned dust
  21 KB (3,097 words) - 15:11, 8 May 2023
• Radioactive Rarity on Mars
  Basalt group minerals are common on Mars, but radioactive ores are not normally fo
  13 KB (2,091 words) - 19:37, 29 November 2022
• Aeolis quadrangle
  ...s olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite. They look like volcanic basalt as they are fine-grained with irregular holes .<ref>McSween, etal. 2004. "B ...ef> It is commonly thought that Mars was first covered with the dark rock basalt. Over billions of years, the original rocks were broken down. By studying
  51 KB (7,713 words) - 06:14, 11 April 2024
• Tharsis
  ...Volcanism on Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research. 78 : 4049–4062.</ref> Basalt is rich in iron and magnesium (mafic) [[ minerals]] and typically dark in ...they just pile up on one another. Lava flows on Mars are usually of the basalt variety. Such flows can spread over wide areas because they are so fluid.
  29 KB (4,380 words) - 08:10, 15 May 2021
• Arabia quadrangle
  File:Layered area with faults ESP 26270 1820.jpg|Layers Dark parts are basalt sand that has settled on horizonal surfaces. ...iew of layers. Light brown is from dust falling from sky. Dark parts are basalt sand that has settled on horizonal surfaces.
  34 KB (5,229 words) - 09:43, 26 February 2024
• Amazonis quadrangle
  ...Basalt, a volcanic rock, is thought to in the layers that form boulders. Basalt has been identified on Mars in many places. Instruments on orbiting spacec
  29 KB (4,450 words) - 10:40, 11 April 2024
• Dark slope streaks
  ...r of dust can move away and reveal a dark surface. The dark volcanic rock basalt lies under the lighter-toned dust which falls out of the atmosphere.
  18 KB (2,669 words) - 10:54, 14 January 2024
• What Mars Actually Looks Like!
  ...ught dark dunes were composed of the grains of sand from the volcanic rock basalt; this was confirmed by rovers on the surface.<ref>Lorenz, R. and J. Zimbel File:Layered area with faults ESP 26270 1820.jpg|Layers Dark parts are basalt sand that has settled on horizonal surfaces.
  65 KB (9,935 words) - 10:41, 11 April 2024
• Mare Boreum quadrangle
  ...ost dunes on Mars are black because of the weathering of the volcanic rock basalt.<ref>http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_016459_1830</ref> <ref> Michael H. C
  16 KB (2,580 words) - 05:51, 14 March 2024
• HiWish program
  ...and create what appear to be layers, especially if it behaves like water. Basalt flows are very fluid.<ref>https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_057978_1875</ref> ...Most of Mars is covered with hard volcanic rock. The dark volcanic rock basalt covers most of the Martian surface. When it breaks, it first forms large b
  81 KB (12,252 words) - 10:42, 11 April 2024
• Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle
  ...ost dunes on Mars are black because of the weathering of the volcanic rock basalt.<ref>http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_016459_1830</ref> <ref name>Michael
  18 KB (2,705 words) - 15:55, 24 December 2023
• Cebrenia quadrangle
  The dark, igneous rock basalt is believed to make up much of the surface of Mars, as it does for the Eart ...could be magnetite and maghemite. These could come from the weathering of basalt rock.<ref>Hargraves, R. et al. 1976. Viking Magnetic Properties Investigat
  37 KB (5,472 words) - 16:15, 3 November 2020
• Coprates quadrangle
  ...ers in canyon walls may be due to dark lava flows. The dark volcanic rock basalt dominates the Martian surface. However, light-toned deposits appear in man
  26 KB (4,014 words) - 08:58, 1 January 2024
• Curiosity
  ...Mars as being mostly made of volcanic materials, especially the dark rock basalt which comes out of volcanoes. Mars has many huge volcanoes so this is to b We also found that many of the minerals that weather from basalt. By studying these minerals we can arrive at conclusions about the past co
  67 KB (10,016 words) - 06:21, 23 August 2023
• Thaumasia quadrangle
  ...ngs as dark sand dunes. Dark sand dunes probably contain the igneous rock basalt.<ref>Michael H. Carr|title=The surface of Mars|url=https://books.google.com
  26 KB (3,907 words) - 18:00, 23 December 2023
• Extant Life on Mars
  ...hrough weakly altered olivine basalt on the plains and pervasively altered basalt in the Columbia Hills https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1
  80 KB (12,727 words) - 12:45, 26 May 2020
• Martian features that are signs of water ice
  ...ntle does not seem to break up into boulders. Boulders would suggest hard basalt to drill through.
  42 KB (6,301 words) - 14:48, 27 March 2024
• Phaethontis quadrangle
  ...ost dunes on Mars are black because of the weathering of the volcanic rock basalt.<ref>http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_016459_1830</ref> <ref>Michael H. Ca
  41 KB (6,106 words) - 10:20, 29 December 2023
• Ismenius Lacus quadrangle
  ...ost dunes on Mars are black because of the weathering of the volcanic rock basalt.<ref>http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_016459_1830</ref> <ref>Michael H. Ca
  70 KB (10,556 words) - 06:01, 28 March 2024
• Crew 2 - Crew Reports
  ...pling of the mountains to the west of this area during the Upper Jurassic. Basalt, greenstones, chert, diorite, and quartzites are the most common lithologie
  173 KB (29,116 words) - 08:06, 29 October 2019